Research Article
A New Variant of JM Software Reliability Model
Table 1
Proposed model vs. JM model.
| N | tn | JM model | Proposed model | N′ | | | MTTF | R = 1 − f(t) | N′ | | | MTTF | R = 1 − f(t) |
| 1 | 3 | 1 | 0.333300 | 0.000000 | ∞ | 1.000000 | 1 | 0.333333 | 0.333333 | 3 | 0.367879 | 2 | 30 | 2 | 0.055600 | 0.000000 | ∞ | 1.000000 | 2 | 0.036263 | 0.059414 | 16.831049 | 0.168230 | 3 | 113 | 3 | 0.016500 | 0.000000 | ∞ | 1.000000 | 3 | 0.009324 | 0.018380 | 54.406556 | 0.125311 | 4 | 81 | 4 | 0.009800 | 0.000000 | ∞ | 1.000000 | 4 | 0.004840 | 0.014483 | 69.0432864 | 0.309382 | 5 | 115 | 6 | 0.004600 | 0.004600 | 218.600000 | 0.959700 | 6 | 0.002671 | 0.011844 | 84.430767 | 0.256131 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 0.002100 | 0.010500 | 95.233300 | 0.979200 | 6 | 0.002871 | 0.011980 | 83.469009 | 0.897785 | 7 | 2 | ∞ | 0.000000 | 0.019800 | 50.428600 | 0.164600 | 7 | 0.002838 | 0.013825 | 72.332568 | 0.972728 | 8 | 91 | 28 | 0.000742 | 0.014800 | 67.368800 | 0.189700 | 8 | 0.002414 | 0.012989 | 76.983480 | 0.306642 | 9 | 112 | 16 | 0.001400 | 0.009900 | 100.746000 | 0.861700 | 11 | 0.001567 | 0.012004 | 83.300114 | 0.260660 | 10 | 15 | 46 | 0.000424 | 0.015300 | 65.505600 | 0.121600 | 12 | 0.001471 | 0.012387 | 80.726542 | 0.830429 | 11 | 138 | 20 | 0.001100 | 0.009800 | 102.181800 | 0.613000 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 12 | 50 | 27 | 0.000756 | 0.011300 | 88.216700 | 0.417800 | 12 | 0.001353 | 0.009844 | 101.574951 | 0.611251 | 13 | 77 | 29 | 0.000695 | 0.011100 | 89.932700 | 0.765800 | 13 | 0.001233 | 0.010802 | 92.573668 | 0.435278 | 14 | 24 | 61 | 0.000300 | 0.014100 | 70.835900 | 0.217700 | 14 | 0.001175 | 0.010457 | 95.6241495 | 0.778035 | 15 | 108 | 39 | 0.000494 | 0.011800 | 84.416700 | 0.352600 | 15 | 0.001079 | 0.009997 | 100.022048 | 0.339676 | 16 | 88 | 38 | 0.000509 | 0.011200 | 89.335200 | 0.000600 | 16 | 0.000978 | 0.009748 | 102.584017 | 0.424079 | 17 | 670 | 18 | 0.001400 | 0.001500 | 686.235300 | 0.839600 | 17 | 0.000665 | 0.007561 | 132.245087 | 0.006305 | 18 | 120 | 20 | 0.001200 | 0.002300 | 429.944400 | 0.941300 | 18 | 0.000554 | 0.006507 | 153.677753 | 0.458014 | 19 | 26 | 23 | 0.000899 | 0.003600 | 278.236800 | 0.663800 | 22 | 0.000463 | 0.007150 | 139.855327 | 0.830351 | 20 | 114 | 25 | 0.000782 | 0.003900 | 255.740000 | 0.280600 | 20 | 0.000515 | 0.006244 | 160.132492 | 0.490705 | 21 | 325 | 24 | 0.000844 | 0.002500 | 395.047600 | 0.870000 | 21 | 0.000458 | 0.005896 | 169.592304 | 0.147141 | 22 | 55 | 27 | 0.000684 | 0.003400 | 292.281800 | 0.436900 | 23 | 0.000408 | 0.005975 | 167.343635 | 0.719884 | 23 | 242 | 28 | 0.000639 | 0.003200 | 312.773900 | 0.804600 | 25 | 0.000363 | 0.006200 | 161.274074 | 0.223007 | 24 | 68 | 31 | 0.000541 | 0.003800 | 263.910700 | 0.202100 | 24 | 0.000377 | 0.005658 | 176.711764 | 0.680581 | 25 | 422 | 29 | 0.000608 | 0.002400 | 410.950000 | 0.645300 | 30 | 0.000281 | 0.005879 | 170.070077 | 0.083631 | 26 | 180 | 31 | 0.000538 | 0.002700 | 372.084600 | 0.973500 | 28 | 0.000290 | 0.004883 | 204.750312 | 0.415148 | 27 | 10 | 35 | 0.000439 | 0.003500 | 285.060200 | 0.017900 | 27 | 0.000304 | 0.005190 | 192.65184 | 0.949417 | 28 | 1146 | 30 | 0.000576 | 0.001200 | 867.339300 | 0.500700 | 28 | 0.000249 | 0.004452 | 224.595888 | 0.006081 | 29 | 600 | 31 | 0.000529 | 0.001100 | 944.913800 | 0.984300 | 29 | 0.000208 | 0.003817 | 261.922210 | 0.101189 | 30 | 15 | 33 | 0.000462 | 0.001400 | 721.477800 | 0.951300 | 34 | 0.000175 | 0.003886 | 257.306309 | 0.943370 | 31 | 36 | 35 | 0.000412 | 0.001600 | 606.540300 | 0.993400 | 31 | 0.000197 | 0.004052 | 246.749856 | 0.864246 | 32 | 4 | 38 | 0.000354 | 0.002100 | 471.322900 | 1.000000 | 35 | 0.000180 | 0.004712 | 212.192154 | 0.981325 | 33 | 0 | 41 | 0.000312 | 0.002500 | 400.609800 | 0.980200 | 39 | 0.000166 | 0.004508 | 221.801057 | 1 | 34 | 8 | 46 | 0.000259 | 0.003100 | 321.838200 | 0.493900 | 34 | 0.000196 | 0.004231 | 236.344719 | 0.966717 | 35 | 227 | 47 | 0.000251 | 0.003000 | 331.804800 | 0.822100 | 40 | 0.000167 | 0.004566 | 219.000994 | 0.354685 | 36 | 65 | 52 | 0.000215 | 0.003400 | 290.074700 | 0.545100 | 36 | 0.000186 | 0.004050 | 246.873528 | 0.768516 | 37 | 176 | 54 | 0.000204 | 0.003500 | 287.804500 | 0.817500 | 37 | 0.000182 | 0.004212 | 237.414285 | 0.476484 | 38 | 58 | 60 | 0.000176 | 0.003900 | 258.077800 | 0.170200 | 44 | 0.000154 | 0.004847 | 206.272099 | 0.754890 | 39 | 457 | 55 | 0.000200 | 0.003200 | 313.152200 | 0.383700 | 46 | 0.000143 | 0.004333 | 230.744445 | 0.137993 | 40 | 300 | 56 | 0.000194 | 0.003100 | 322.792200 | 0.740400 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 41 | 97 | 60 | 0.000175 | 0.003300 | 300.445400 | 0.416700 | 41 | 0.000155 | 0.004072 | 245.535290 | 0.673642 | 42 | 263 | 61 | 0.000171 | 0.003200 | 308.000000 | 0.230500 | 51 | 0.000124 | 0.004525 | 220.977867 | 0.304171 | 43 | 452 | 58 | 0.000185 | 0.002800 | 360.924000 | 0.493400 | 53 | 0.000155 | 0.004254 | 235.032626 | 0.146147 | 44 | 255 | 60 | 0.000175 | 0.002800 | 357.265600 | 0.576100 | 52 | 0.000155 | 0.004091 | 244.438673 | 0.352323 | 45 | 197 | 62 | 0.000167 | 0.002800 | 352.882400 | 0.578700 | 46 | 0.000129 | 0.003872 | 258.217142 | 0.466301 | 46 | 193 | 65 | 0.000155 | 0.002900 | 339.527500 | 0.982500 | 47 | 0.000126 | 0.003811 | 262.382299 | 0.479233 | 47 | 6 | 71 | 0.000137 | 0.003300 | 304.892700 | 0.771700 | 50 | 0.000120 | 0.004016 | 248.944067 | 0.976186 | 48 | 79 | 77 | 0.000122 | 0.003500 | 282.576900 | 0.055700 | 48 | 0.000127 | 0.003553 | 281.394045 | 0.755220 | 49 | 816 | 67 | 0.000149 | 0.002700 | 373.731300 | 0.026900 | 49 | 0.000118 | 0.003763 | 265.736415 | 0.046388 | 50 | 1351 | 59 | 0.000183 | 0.001600 | 607.193300 | 0.783700 | 52 | 0.000100 | 0.003386 | 295.265642 | 0.010300 | 51 | 148 | 61 | 0.000173 | 0.001700 | 578.515700 | 0.964400 | 51 | 0.000098 | 0.003147 | 317.685879 | 0.627589 | 52 | 21 | 65 | 0.000155 | 0.002000 | 497.463000 | 0.626000 | 56 | 0.000091 | 0.003221 | 310.373974 | 0.934577 | 53 | 233 | 67 | 0.000147 | 0.002100 | 485.574100 | 0.758800 | 53 | 0.000096 | 0.003241 | 308.498330 | 0.469883 | 54 | 134 | 70 | 0.000137 | 0.002200 | 456.072900 | 0.457100 | 54 | 0.000095 | 0.003194 | 312.990824 | 0.651728 | 55 | 357 | 71 | 0.000134 | 0.002100 | 466.751100 | 0.661300 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 56 | 193 | 74 | 0.000125 | 0.002300 | 443.803600 | 0.587600 | 56 | 0.000090 | 0.003282 | 304.614060 | 0.530683 | 57 | 236 | 76 | 0.000120 | 0.002300 | 438.064600 | 0.931700 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 58 | 31 | 81 | 0.000109 | 0.002500 | 398.967800 | 0.396600 | 58 | 0.000087 | 0.003455 | 289.420777 | 0.898426 | 59 | 369 | 81 | 0.000109 | 0.002400 | 416.571600 | 0.166000 | 70 | 0.000072 | 0.003446 | 290.145967 | 0.280333 | 60 | 748 | 78 | 0.000116 | 0.002100 | 481.008300 | 1.000000 | 60 | 0.000082 | 0.002949 | 339.070155 | 0.110136 | 61 | 0 | 82 | 0.000107 | 0.002200 | 444.750200 | 0.593500 | 72 | 0.000067 | 0.003388 | 295.134138 | 1 | 62 | 232 | 85 | 0.000101 | 0.002300 | 429.852700 | 0.464100 | 62 | 0.000079 | 0.002638 | 379.051733 | 0.542236 | 63 | 330 | 86 | 0.000099 | 0.002300 | 437.323000 | 0.434000 | 69 | 0.000070 | 0.003359 | 297.657092 | 0.330001 | 64 | 365 | 87 | 0.000098 | 0.002200 | 445.354600 | 0.064300 | 65 | 0.000074 | 0.003250 | 307.669056 | 0.305336 | 65 | 1222 | 81 | 0.000109 | 0.001700 | 572.519200 | 0.387300 | 65 | 0.000070 | 0.002786 | 358.894706 | 0.033210 | 66 | 543 | 81 | 0.000109 | 0.001600 | 610.210100 | 0.983700 | 66 | 0.000066 | 0.002768 | 361.168940 | 0.222361 | 67 | 10 | 85 | 0.000101 | 0.001800 | 551.660000 | 0.971400 | 67 | 0.000066 | 0.002500 | 399.861661 | 0.975301 | 68 | 16 | 89 | 0.000094 | 0.002000 | 508.892200 | 0.353600 | 68 | 0.000065 | 0.002919 | 342.534350 | 0.954363 | 69 | 429 | 89 | 0.000094 | 0.001900 | 534.642800 | 0.492200 | 69 | 0.000064 | 0.002675 | 373.720337 | 0.242804 | 70 | 379 | 90 | 0.000092 | 0.001800 | 543.980000 | 0.922300 | 70 | 0.000062 | 0.002393 | 417.854376 | 0.403727 | 71 | 44 | 94 | 0.000086 | 0.002000 | 506.655200 | 0.775200 | 71 | 0.000062 | 0.002759 | 362.371404 | 0.885659 | 72 | 129 | 98 | 0.000080 | 0.002100 | 478.508000 | 0.184000 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 73 | 810 | 95 | 0.000084 | 0.001900 | 538.806400 | 0.583800 | 73 | 0.000059 | 0.002668 | 374.698345 | 0.115124 | 74 | 290 | 97 | 0.000082 | 0.001900 | 532.678600 | 0.569400 | 74 | 0.000058 | 0.002778 | 359.874367 | 0.446713 | 75 | 300 | 99 | 0.000079 | 0.001900 | 527.241700 | 0.366700 | 75 | 0.000057 | 0.002715 | 368.299667 | 0.442836 | 76 | 529 | 99 | 0.000079 | 0.001800 | 550.189400 | 0.600100 | 76 | 0.000055 | 0.002621 | 381.517830 | 0.249931 | 77 | 281 | 101 | 0.000077 | 0.001800 | 544.009700 | 0.745200 | 77 | 0.000054 | 0.002564 | 389.939847 | 0.486448 | 78 | 160 | 105 | 0.000072 | 0.001900 | 514.758800 | 0.200200 | 78 | 0.000054 | 0.002684 | 372.443989 | 0.650772 | 79 | 828 | 102 | 0.000075 | 0.001700 | 576.648300 | 0.173200 | 79 | 0.000052 | 0.002524 | 396.126421 | 0.123657 | 80 | 1011 | 99 | 0.000079 | 0.001500 | 664.027600 | 0.511600 | 80 | 0.000050 | 0.002304 | 433.903508 | 0.097294 | 81 | 445 | 101 | 0.000076 | 0.001500 | 654.198100 | 0.636100 | 81 | 0.000048 | 0.002689 | 371.789765 | 0.302125 | 82 | 296 | 103 | 0.000074 | 0.001600 | 643.633600 | 0.065400 | 82 | 0.000047 | 0.002356 | 424.331389 | 0.497794 | 83 | 1755 | 98 | 0.000081 | 0.001200 | 827.210400 | 0.276300 | 83 | 0.000045 | 0.002230 | 448.354358 | 0.019954 | 84 | 1064 | 97 | 0.000082 | 0.001100 | 935.631900 | 0.148700 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 85 | 1783 | 95 | 0.000086 | 0.000856 | 1168.300000 | 0.479000 | 85 | 0.000040 | 0.001948 | 513.315339 | 0.031008 | 86 | 860 | 96 | 0.000084 | 0.000836 | 1195.900000 | 0.439600 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 87 | 983 | 96 | 0.000084 | 0.000754 | 1326.000000 | 0.586700 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 88 | 707 | 97 | 0.000082 | 0.000738 | 1354.900000 | 0.975900 | 88 | 0.000035 | 0.001920 | 520.822995 | 0.257311 | 89 | 33 | 100 | 0.000077 | 0.000845 | 1183.700000 | 0.480300 | 92 | 0.000034 | 0.001999 | 500.222704 | 0.936158 | 90 | 868 | 100 | 0.000077 | 0.000770 | 1298.200000 | 0.572500 | 94 | 0.000033 | 0.002061 | 485.139850 | 0.167098 | 91 | 724 | 101 | 0.000075 | 0.000755 | 1325.000000 | 0.173200 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 92 | 2323 | 100 | 0.000077 | 0.000615 | 1625.800000 | 0.164900 | 99 | 0.000029 | 0.001955 | 511.391098 | 0.010646 | 93 | 2930 | 99 | 0.000079 | 0.000471 | 2123.100000 | 0.502500 | 105 | 0.000026 | 0.001861 | 537.187177 | 0.004277 | 94 | 1461 | 99 | 0.000079 | 0.000394 | 2539.200000 | 0.717500 | 94 | 0.000028 | 0.001583 | 631.710908 | 0.098986 | 95 | 843 | 101 | 0.000075 | 0.000448 | 2233.200000 | 0.994600 | 104 | 0.000024 | 0.001666 | 599.918456 | 0.245320 | 96 | 12 | 102 | 0.000073 | 0.000439 | 2275.400000 | 0.891600 | 96 | 0.000027 | 0.001485 | 673.395806 | 0.982337 | 97 | 261 | 104 | 0.000070 | 0.000489 | 2044.300000 | 0.414600 | 116 | 0.000022 | 0.001836 | 544.648991 | 0.619273 | 98 | 1800 | 104 | 0.000070 | 0.000420 | 2382.100000 | 0.695500 | 121 | 0.000021 | 0.001641 | 609.064039 | 0.052060 | 99 | 865 | 106 | 0.000067 | 0.000466 | 2145.700000 | 0.512300 | 99 | 0.000021 | 0.001656 | 603.577182 | 0.238562 | 100 | 1435 | 106 | 0.000067 | 0.000401 | 2495.100000 | 0.988000 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 101 | 30 | 108 | 0.000064 | 0.000447 | 2236.700000 | 0.938100 | 116 | 0.000021 | 0.001310 | 762.984731 | 0.961443 | 102 | 143 | 110 | 0.000061 | 0.000490 | 2042.500000 | 0.948500 | 110 | 0.000022 | 0.001477 | 677.017482 | 0.809595 | 103 | 108 | 112 | 0.000059 | 0.000529 | 1890.100000 | 1.000000 | 103 | 0.000024 | 0.001442 | 693.326793 | 0.855755 | 104 | 0 | 114 | 0.000057 | 0.000566 | 1766.100000 | 0.171900 | 134 | 0.000018 | 0.001799 | 555.814849 | 1 | 105 | 3110 | 113 | 0.000058 | 0.000461 | 2169.600000 | 0.562800 | 105 | 0.000023 | 0.001441 | 693.594304 | 0.011289 | 106 | 1247 | 114 | 0.000056 | 0.000451 | 2215.900000 | 0.653400 | 106 | 0.000022 | 0.001402 | 712.758614 | 0.173853 | 107 | 943 | 115 | 0.000055 | 0.000443 | 2259.600000 | 0.733600 | 131 | 0.000017 | 0.001575 | 634.876873 | 0.226428 | 108 | 700 | 116 | 0.000054 | 0.000435 | 2301.000000 | 0.683700 | 108 | 0.000021 | 0.001388 | 720.189902 | 0.378338 | 109 | 875 | 118 | 0.000052 | 0.000469 | 2134.000000 | 0.891500 | 109 | 0.000020 | 0.001355 | 737.558886 | 0.305334 | 110 | 245 | 119 | 0.000051 | 0.000462 | 2166.700000 | 0.714300 | 110 | 0.000020 | 0.001413 | 707.414134 | 0.707277 | 111 | 729 | 121 | 0.000049 | 0.000493 | 2028.800000 | 0.392600 | 121 | 0.000018 | 0.001203 | 830.853083 | 0.415857 | 112 | 1897 | 121 | 0.000049 | 0.000444 | 2252.900000 | 0.820000 | 112 | 0.000019 | 0.001380 | 724.616992 | 0.072953 | 113 | 447 | 123 | 0.000047 | 0.000475 | 2106.100000 | 0.832500 | 118 | 0.000018 | 0.001553 | 643.567841 | 0.499291 | 114 | 386 | 124 | 0.000047 | 0.000468 | 2137.400000 | 0.811700 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 115 | 446 | 126 | 0.000045 | 0.000497 | 2014.000000 | 0.941200 | 115 | 0.000019 | 0.001209 | 826.530574 | 0.582978 | 116 | 122 | 128 | 0.000044 | 0.000524 | 1908.000000 | 0.595200 | 116 | 0.000019 | 0.001299 | 769.428084 | 0.853372 | 117 | 990 | 129 | 0.000043 | 0.000516 | 1938.900000 | 0.613300 | 117 | 0.000018 | 0.001422 | 702.849012 | 0.244496 | 118 | 948 | 131 | 0.000041 | 0.000539 | 1854.200000 | 0.557900 | 118 | 0.000019 | 0.001006 | 993.772526 | 0.385220 | 119 | 1082 | 132 | 0.000041 | 0.000531 | 1884.200000 | 0.988400 | 119 | 0.000018 | 0.001129 | 885.207957 | 0.294548 | 120 | 22 | 134 | 0.000040 | 0.000555 | 1802.500000 | 0.959200 | 120 | 0.000020 | 0.001302 | 767.619405 | 0.971746 | 121 | 75 | 136 | 0.000039 | 0.000578 | 1731.300000 | 0.757000 | 121 | 0.000018 | 0.000978 | 1021.98930 | 0.929241 | 122 | 482 | 138 | 0.000037 | 0.000598 | 1672.000000 | 0.037100 | 122 | 0.000018 | 0.001441 | 693.576499 | 0.499100 | 123 | 5509 | 134 | 0.000040 | 0.000436 | 2292.400000 | 0.957300 | 123 | 0.000017 | 0.001153 | 866.636866 | 0.001734 | 124 | 100 | 136 | 0.000038 | 0.000461 | 2169.400000 | 0.995400 | 124 | 0.000016 | 0.001434 | 697.121298 | 0.866366 | 125 | 10 | 138 | 0.000037 | 0.000485 | 2063.700000 | 0.595100 | 125 | 0.000016 | 0.000697 | 1433.87795 | 0.993050 | 126 | 1071 | 139 | 0.000037 | 0.000477 | 2094.700000 | 0.837700 | 126 | 0.000016 | 0.001357 | 736.891254 | 0.233773 | 127 | 371 | 141 | 0.000036 | 0.000499 | 2004.600000 | 0.674300 | 127 | 0.000016 | 0.001108 | 902.406476 | 0.662905 | 128 | 790 | 143 | 0.000035 | 0.000518 | 1929.700000 | 0.041300 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 129 | 6150 | 139 | 0.000037 | 0.000367 | 2723.300000 | 0.295400 | 129 | 0.000015 | 0.000894 | 1118.172980 | 0.004086 | 130 | 3321 | 139 | 0.000037 | 0.000330 | 3031.000000 | 0.708400 | 130 | 0.000014 | 0.001045 | 956.790792 | 0.031086 | 131 | 1045 | 140 | 0.000036 | 0.000325 | 3079.800000 | 0.810300 | 159 | 0.000011 | 0.001370 | 729.439350 | 0.238685 | 132 | 648 | 141 | 0.000036 | 0.000320 | 3125.400000 | 0.172900 | NaN | 0.000008 | NaN | NaN | NaN | 133 | 5485 | 140 | 0.000036 | 0.000253 | 3953.600000 | 0.745700 | 206 | 0.000004 | 0.001080 | 925.678922 | 0.002670 | 134 | 1160 | 141 | 0.000036 | 0.000249 | 4020.900000 | 0.629000 | 373 | 0.000004 | 0.001466 | 681.741222 | 0.182405 | 135 | 1864 | 142 | 0.000035 | 0.000244 | 4094.400000 | 0.365900 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 136 | 4116 | 142 | 0.000035 | 0.000209 | 4777.000000 | 0.000000 | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN |
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