|
Study ID | Characteristics |
|
HALT-IT 2020 | Methods: |
| Randomised controlled trial |
| Participants: |
| 12009 patients randomly assigned |
| Inclusion criteria: |
| GI bleed (upper or lower, however 89% were classified as upper GI bleeds) |
| Mean age TXA group: 58 |
| Mean age placebo group: 58 |
| 7743 males |
| 4266 females |
| Interventions: |
| TXA 1 g IV stat then 3 g infused over 24 hours |
| Outcomes: |
| Mortality: |
| TXA group 222/5994 |
| Placebo group 226/6015 |
| Rebleeding: |
| Not reported |
| Adverse events MI, CVA, PE: |
| TXA group 42/5994 |
| Placebo group 46/6015 |
| Need for surgery: |
| TXA group 146/5994 |
| Placebo group 158/6015 |
| Transfusion required: |
| TXA group 4076/5994 |
| Placebo group 4129/6015 |
Bagnenko 2011 | Methods: |
| Randomised controlled trial |
| Participants: |
| 47 patients randomly assigned |
| Inclusion criteria: |
| Suspected upper GI bleed |
| Mean age TXA group: 62 |
| Mean age placebo group: 64 |
| 29 males |
| 18 females |
| Interventions: |
| TXA 10 mg IV/PO TDS for 3 days versus placebo |
| Outcomes: |
| Mortality: |
| TXA group 1/22 |
| Placebo group 3/25 |
| Rebleeding: |
| TXA group 2/22 |
| Placebo group: 5/25 |
| Adverse events: |
| Not reported |
| Need for surgery: |
| TXA 1/22 |
| Placebo 3/25 |
| Transfusion required: |
| TXA 14/22 |
| Placebo 13/25 |
Hawkey 2001 | Methods: |
| Randomised controlled trial |
| Participants: |
| 206 patients randomly assigned. |
| Inclusion criteria: |
| Suspected upper GI bleed |
| Mean age TXA group: 58 |
| Mean age placebo group: 58 |
| 126 males |
| 80 females |
| Interventions: |
| TXA 2 g PO bolus then 1 g QDS for 4 days |
| Outcomes: |
| Mortality: |
| TXA group 4/103 |
| Placebo group 5/103 |
| Rebleeding: |
| TXA group 9/103 |
| Placebo group: 10/103 |
| Adverse events: |
| No breakdown between intervention and control |
| Need for surgery: |
| TXA 5/103 |
| Placebo 6/103 |
| Transfusion required: |
| TXA 58/103 |
| Placebo 60/103 |
Holstein 1987 | Methods: |
| Randomised controlled trial |
| Participants: |
| 128 patients randomly assigned |
| Inclusion criteria: |
| Suspected upper GI bleed |
| Mean age TXA group: 62 |
| Mean age placebo group: 65 |
| 90 males |
| 38 females |
| Interventions: |
| TXA 1 g every 4 hours for 24 hours then 1.5 g PO QDS for 5 days |
| Outcomes: |
| Mortality: |
| TXA group 2/128 |
| Placebo group 4/128 |
| Rebleeding: |
| TXA group 10/128 |
| Placebo group 19/128 |
| Adverse events MI, CVA, PE: |
| TXA group 0/128 |
| Placebo group 2/128 |
| Need for surgery: |
| TXA group 3/128 |
| Placebo group 15/128 |
| Transfusion required: |
| TXA group 47/128 |
| Placebo group 54/128 |
Bergqvist 1980 | Methods: |
| Randomised controlled trial |
| Participants: |
| 50 patients randomly assigned |
| Inclusion criteria: |
| Suspected upper GI bleed |
| Mean age TXA group: 61 |
| Mean age placebo group: 58 |
| 40 males |
| 10 females |
| Interventions: |
| TXA 2 g PO 4 hourly for two days |
| Outcomes: |
| Mortality: |
| TXA group 3/25 |
| Placebo group 5/25 |
| Rebleeding: |
| Not reported |
| Adverse events MI, CVA, PE: |
| Not reported |
| Need for surgery: |
| TXA group 7/25 |
| Placebo group 7/25 |
| Transfusion required: |
| Not reported |
|
Engquist 1979 | Methods: |
| Randomised controlled trial |
| Participants: |
| 204 patients randomly assigned |
| Inclusion criteria: |
| Suspected upper GI bleed |
| Mean age TXA group: 59 |
| Mean age placebo group: 56 |
| 159 males |
| 45 females |
| Interventions: |
| TXA 1 g IV 4 hourly for 1 day then 1.5 g PO QDS for 6 days |
| Outcomes: |
| Mortality: |
| TXA group 11/102 |
| Placebo group 12/102 |
| Rebleeding: |
| TXA group 23/102 |
| Placebo group 29/102 |
| Adverse events MI, CVA, PE: |
| TXA group 4/102 |
| Placebo group 2/102 |
| Need for surgery: |
| TXA group 10/102 |
| Placebo group 18/102 |
| Transfusion required: |
| Not reported |
Biggs 1976 | Methods: |
| Randomised controlled trial |
| Participants: |
| 200 patients randomly assigned |
| Inclusion criteria: |
| Suspected upper GI bleed |
| Mean age TXA group: not reported |
| Mean age placebo group: not reported |
| 156 males |
| 44 females |
| Interventions: |
| TXA 1 g IV stat then 1 g PO QDS on day 1, |
| Then 1 g QDS for 4 days |
| Outcomes: |
| Mortality: |
| TXA group 2/103 |
| Placebo group 4/97 |
| Rebleeding: |
| TXA group 7/103 |
| Placebo group 21/97 |
| Adverse events MI, CVA, PE: |
| Not reported |
| Need for surgery: |
| TXA group 7/103 |
| Placebo group 21/97 |
| Transfusion required: |
| TXA group 77/103 |
| Placebo group 71/97 |
|
Cormack 1973 | Methods: |
| Randomised controlled trial |
| Participants: |
| 150 patients randomly assigned |
| Inclusion criteria: |
| Suspected upper GI bleed |
| Mean age TXA group: not reported |
| Mean age placebo group: not reported |
| 101 males |
| 49 females |
| Interventions: |
| TXA 1.5 g QDS for 7 days |
| Outcomes: |
| Mortality: |
| TXA group 3/76 |
| Placebo group 3/74 |
| Rebleeding: |
| TXA group 8/76 |
| Placebo group 11/74 |
| Adverse events MI, CVA, PE: |
| Not reported |
| Need for surgery: |
| Not reported |
| Transfusion required: |
| TXA group 68/76 |
| Placebo group 63/74 |
|