<i  >Objective.</i> To determine the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale&#x2019;s (NIHSS&#x2019;s) association with upper extremity (UE) impairment and functional outcomes. <i  >Design.</i>  Secondary, retrospective analysis of randomized controlled trial data. <i  >Setting.</i> Not applicable. <i  >Participants.</i> 146 subjects with stable, chronic stroke-induced hemiparesis. <i  >Intervention.</i> The NIHSS, the UE Fugl-Meyer (FM), and the Arm Motor Ability Test (AMAT) were administered prior to their participation in a multicenter randomized controlled trial. <i  >Main Outcome Measures.</i> The NIHSS, FM, and AMAT. <i  >Results.</i> The association between the NIHSS and UE impairment was statistically significant <svg     style="vertical-align:-3.50804pt;width:161.33749px;" id="M1" height="16.5625" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 161.33749 16.5625" width="161.33749"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg> but explained less than 4&#x25; of the variance among UE FM scores. The association between NIHSS total score and function as measured by the AMAT was not statistically significant <svg     style="vertical-align:-3.50804pt;width:161.33749px;" id="M2" height="16.5625" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 161.33749 16.5625" width="161.33749"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>. Subjects scoring a &#x201C;zero&#x201D; on the NIHSS exhibited discernible UE motor deficits and varied scores on the UE FM and AMAT. <i  >Conclusion.</i> While being used in stroke trials, the NIHSS may have limited ability to discriminate between treatment responses, even when only a relatively narrow array of impairment levels exists among patients. Given these findings, NIHSS use should be restricted to acute stroke studies and clinical settings with the goal of reporting stroke severity.

Brittany Hand

Stephen J. Page

Susan White

Stroke Survivors Scoring Zero on the NIH Stroke Scale Score Still Exhibit Significant Motor Impairment and Functional Limitation

<i>Background</i>. Weight-bearing asymmetry and impaired balance may contribute to the increased fall risk in people with stroke when rising to stand from sitting. <i>Objective</i>. This study investigated the effect of constraint-induced movement (CIM) strategies on weight-bearing symmetry and balance during sit-to-stand in people with stroke. <i>Methods</i>. A nonrandom convenience sample of fifteen people with stroke performed the sit-to-stand task using three CIM strategies including a solid or compliant (foam) block strategy, with the unaffected limb placed on the block, and an asymmetrical foot position strategy, with the unaffected limb placed ahead of the affected limb. Duration of the task, affected limb weight-bearing, and centre of pressure and centre of mass displacement were measured in the frontal and sagittal plane. <i>Results</i>. Affected limb weight-bearing was increased and frontal plane centre of pressure and centre of mass moved toward the affected limb compared to baseline with all CIM strategies. Centre of mass displacement in the sagittal plane was greater with the compliant block and asymmetrical foot strategies. <i>Conclusions</i>. The CIM strategies demonstrated greater loading of the affected limb and movement of the centre of pressure and centre of mass toward the affected limb. The compliant block and asymmetrical foot conditions may challenge sagittal plane balance during sit-to-stand in people with stroke.

Charla Krystine Gray

Elsie Culham

Sit-to-Stand in People with Stroke: Effect of Lower Limb Constraint-Induced Movement Strategies

The aim of this study was to determine whether stroke survivor&#x2019;s gait performance during dual-task Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is correlated with the level of functional balance and motor impairment. Thirty stroke survivors (22 men, 8 women) were recruited for this study. The level of functional balance (Berg Balance Scale) and motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer assessment lower extremity) were assessed prior to the TUG test. TUG test was conducted under three attentional loading conditions (single, dual motor, and dual-cognitive). The time and number of steps were used to quantify gait parameters. The Spearmen&#x2019;s rank correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between these variables. There was moderate to strong negative correlation between functional balance and gait parameters (range &#x2212;0.53 to &#x2212;0.73, <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:58.712502px;" id="M1" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 58.712502 11.375" width="58.712502"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>). There was a weak negative correlation observed between the time taken to complete the single task and motor impairment (<svg     style="vertical-align:-3.39066pt;width:70.137497px;" id="M2" height="15.1375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 70.137497 15.1375" width="70.137497"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,17.038,10.862)"><path id="x3D" d="M535 323h-483v50h483v-50zM535 138h-483v50h483v-50z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,31.741,10.862)"><path id="x2212" d="M535 230h-483v50h483v-50z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,41.72,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,49.879,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,53.755,10.862)"><path id="x34" d="M456 178h-96v-72q0 -51 12.5 -62.5t72.5 -16.5v-27h-256v27q65 5 78 17t13 62v72h-260v28q182 271 300 426h40v-407h96v-47zM280 225v295h-2q-107 -148 -196 -295h198z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,61.914,10.862)"><path id="x33" d="M285 378v-2q65 -13 102 -54.5t37 -97.5q0 -57 -30.5 -104.5t-74 -75t-85.5 -42t-72 -14.5q-31 0 -59.5 11t-40.5 23q-19 18 -16 36q1 16 23 33q13 10 24 0q58 -51 124 -51q55 0 88 40t33 112q0 64 -39 96.5t-88 32.5q-29 0 -64 -11l-6 29q77 25 118 57.5t41 84.5&#xA;q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" /></g>

		
	
</svg>; <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:58.712502px;" id="M3" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 58.712502 11.375" width="58.712502"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>) dual motor task and motor impairment (<svg     style="vertical-align:-3.39066pt;width:70.137497px;" id="M4" height="15.1375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 70.137497 15.1375" width="70.137497"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x1D45F"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,7.238,14.938)"><use xlink:href="#x1D460"/></g>

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</svg>; <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:58.712502px;" id="M5" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 58.712502 11.375" width="58.712502"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x1D443"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,15.582,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,30.286,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,38.446,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.321,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,50.481,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g>

		
	
</svg>). However, there were no significant correlations between lower limb motor impairment and the number of steps in all conditions. These findings suggest that functional balance may be an influential domain of successful dual-task TUG in stroke.

Haidzir Manaf

Maria Justine

Mazlifah Omar

Functional Balance and Motor Impairment Correlations with Gait Parameters during Timed Up and Go Test across Three Attentional Loading Conditions in Stroke Survivors

<i  >Background.</i> Evidence indicates that Stroke Units decrease mortality and morbidity. An Acute Stroke Unit (ASU) provides specialised, hyperacute care and thrombolysis. John Hunter Hospital, Australia, admits 500 stroke patients each year and has a 4-bed ASU. <i  >Aims.</i> This study investigated hospital admissions over a 5-year period of all strokes patients and of all patients admitted to the 4-bed ASU and the involvement of allied health professionals. <i  >Methods.</i> The study retrospectively audited 5-year data from all stroke patients admitted to John Hunter Hospital <svg     style="vertical-align:-2.3205pt;width:72.474998px;" id="M1" height="15.0875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 72.474998 15.0875" width="72.474998"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.138)"><path id="x28" d="M300 -147l-18 -23q-106 71 -159 185.5t-53 254.5v1q0 139 53 252.5t159 186.5l18 -24q-74 -62 -115.5 -173.5t-41.5 -242.5q0 -130 41.5 -242.5t115.5 -174.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,5.944,12.138)"><path id="x1D45B" d="M495 86q-46 -47 -87 -72.5t-63 -25.5q-43 0 -16 107l49 210q7 34 8 50.5t-3 21t-13 4.5q-35 0 -109.5 -72.5t-115.5 -140.5q-21 -75 -38 -159q-50 -10 -76 -21l-6 8l84 340q8 35 -4 35q-17 0 -67 -46l-15 26q44 44 85.5 70.5t64.5 26.5q35 0 10 -103l-24 -98h2&#xA;q42 56 97 103.5t96 71.5q46 26 74 26q9 0 16 -2.5t14 -11.5t9.5 -24.5t-1 -44t-13.5 -68.5q-30 -117 -47 -200q-4 -19 -3.5 -25t6.5 -6q21 0 70 48z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,19.186,12.138)"><path id="x3D" d="M535 323h-483v50h483v-50zM535 138h-483v50h483v-50z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,33.89,12.138)"><path id="x32" d="M412 140l28 -9q0 -2 -35 -131h-373v23q112 112 161 170q59 70 92 127t33 115q0 63 -31 98t-86 35q-75 0 -137 -93l-22 20l57 81q55 59 135 59q69 0 118.5 -46.5t49.5 -122.5q0 -62 -29.5 -114t-102.5 -130l-141 -149h186q42 0 58.5 10.5t38.5 56.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.049,12.138)"><path id="x35" d="M153 550l-26 -186q79 31 111 31q90 0 141.5 -51t51.5 -119q0 -93 -89 -166q-85 -69 -173 -71q-32 0 -61.5 11.5t-41.5 23.5q-18 17 -17 34q2 16 22 33q14 9 26 -1q61 -50 124 -50q60 0 93 43.5t33 104.5q0 69 -41.5 110t-121.5 41q-53 0 -102 -20l38 305h286l6 -8&#xA;l-26 -65h-233z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,50.209,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,58.368,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x35"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,66.528,12.138)"><path id="x29" d="M275 270q0 -296 -211 -440l-19 23q75 62 116.5 174t41.5 243t-42 243t-116 173l19 24q211 -144 211 -440z" /></g>

		
	
</svg> and from nonstroke patients admitted to the ASU <svg     style="vertical-align:-2.3205pt;width:64.324997px;" id="M2" height="15.0875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 64.324997 15.0875" width="64.324997"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x28"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,5.944,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x1D45B"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,19.186,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,33.89,12.138)"><path id="x38" d="M249 635q70 0 116 -43t46 -105q0 -46 -28 -80q-22 -25 -80 -64q62 -35 97 -75t35 -99q0 -81 -63 -131t-135 -50q-83 0 -137.5 45.5t-54.5 123.5q0 52 45 95q29 28 89 64q-109 62 -109 155q0 66 50.5 115t128.5 49zM238 603q-42 0 -67.5 -31t-25.5 -72q0 -50 32.5 -79.5&#xA;t98.5 -62.5q61 48 61 124q0 59 -29.5 90t-69.5 31zM248 20q46 0 76.5 33.5t30.5 89.5q0 50 -39 85.5t-110 71.5q-81 -54 -81 -137q0 -67 35.5 -105t87.5 -38z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.049,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,50.209,12.138)"><path id="x36" d="M137 343l67 33q37 17 63 17q79 0 129.5 -53t50.5 -131q0 -92 -58 -156.5t-147 -64.5t-147 68t-58 182q0 63 17 119t43 95.5t61.5 72t69 52t67.5 31.5q62 22 128 33l6 -32q-56 -11 -108 -35q-149 -71 -184 -231zM227 337q-47 0 -95 -27q-6 -23 -6 -70q0 -93 36 -155.5&#xA;t96 -62.5q53 0 78 45.5t25 105.5q0 68 -35 116t-99 48z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,58.368,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x29"/></g>

		
	
</svg>. The study&#x2019;s primary outcomes were admission rates, length of stay (days), and allied health involvement. <i  >Results.</i> Over 5 years, 47&#x25; of stroke patients were admitted to the ASU. More male stroke patients were admitted to the ASU (ch<svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:58.787498px;" id="M3" height="16.049999" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 58.787498 16.049999" width="58.787498"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,15.775)"><path id="x69" d="M135 536q-20 0 -35 15.5t-15 35.5q0 22 15 37t36 15t35.5 -15t14.5 -37q0 -21 -15 -36t-36 -15zM252 0h-220v26q48 5 59 17t11 63v206q0 47 -9 58t-54 18v24q78 12 142 39v-345q0 -51 11.5 -63t59.5 -17v-26z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,4.612,7.613)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,15.675,15.775)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,30.362,15.775)"><use xlink:href="#x35"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,38.521,15.775)"><path id="x2E" d="M113 -12q-24 0 -39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t40 16.5t40 -16.5t16 -40.5q0 -26 -16 -42t-41 -16z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.397,15.775)"><use xlink:href="#x38"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,50.556,15.775)"><path id="x31" d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" /></g>

		
	
</svg>; <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:66.875px;" id="M4" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 66.875 11.375" width="66.875"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.112)"><path id="x1D443" d="M619 482q0 -69 -40.5 -119t-96 -72.5t-118.5 -26.5h-44l-70 20l-31 -151q-14 -67 0.5 -83t89.5 -22l-5 -28h-287l8 28q65 7 81.5 22t29.5 83l79 398q12 56 0.5 70.5t-78.5 20.5l7 28h255q108 0 164 -43t56 -125zM524 478q0 141 -146 141q-25 0 -47 -8q-16 -6 -20.5 -13.5&#xA;t-10.5 -39.5l-43 -241q37 -13 83 -13q67 0 125.5 45t58.5 129z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,15.582,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,30.286,11.112)"><path id="x30" d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105&#xA;q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,38.446,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.321,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,50.481,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,58.64,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x36"/></g>

		
	
</svg>). There was a trend over time towards parity between the number of stroke and nonstroke patients admitted to the ASU. When compared to those admitted elsewhere, ASU stroke patients had a longer length of stay (<svg     style="vertical-align:-0.273pt;width:74.5px;" id="M5" height="11.2625" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 74.5 11.2625" width="74.5"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path id="x1D467" d="M475 445l-64 -69q-119 -128 -289 -280q27 6 81 -15q66 -26 102 -26q48 0 111 93l23 -19q-41 -84 -75.5 -116.5t-73.5 -32.5q-37 0 -147 53q-43 21 -63 7q-22 -15 -38 -41q-4 -7 -11 -7q-8 10 -8 26q0 38 47 83l292 273q-32 -5 -67 -1q-63 7 -105 7q-32 0 -53.5 -22&#xA;t-47.5 -67l-25 13q15 39 38 78q40 66 83 66q57 0 120 -12q52 -10 80 -10q29 0 67 42z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,13.237,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,27.94,10.862)"><path id="x2212" d="M535 230h-483v50h483v-50z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,37.919,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x38"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,46.078,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,49.954,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,58.113,10.862)"><path id="x33" d="M285 378v-2q65 -13 102 -54.5t37 -97.5q0 -57 -30.5 -104.5t-74 -75t-85.5 -42t-72 -14.5q-31 0 -59.5 11t-40.5 23q-19 18 -16 36q1 16 23 33q13 10 24 0q58 -51 124 -51q55 0 88 40t33 112q0 64 -39 96.5t-88 32.5q-29 0 -64 -11l-6 29q77 25 118 57.5t41 84.5&#xA;q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,66.273,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x33"/></g>

		
	
</svg>; <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:75.025002px;" id="M6" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 75.025002 11.375" width="75.025002"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x1D443"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,15.582,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,30.286,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,38.446,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.321,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,50.481,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,58.64,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,66.8,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g>

		
	
</svg>) and were more likely to receive allied healthcare. <i  >Conclusion.</i> This is the first study to report 5 years of ASU admissions. Acute Stroke Units may benefit from a review of the healthcare provided to all stroke patients. The trends over time with respect to the utilisation of the John Hunter Hospitall&#x2019;s ASU have resulted in a review of the hospitall&#x2019;s Stroke Unit and allied healthcare.

Isobel J. Hubbard

Malcolm Evans

Sarah McMullen-Roach

Jodie Marquez

Mark W. Parsons

Five Years of Acute Stroke Unit Care: Comparing ASU and Non-ASU Admissions and Allied Health Involvement

<i>Background.</i> The objective of this study was to describe complications in hospitalized patients for stroke and to determine the predictive factors of intrahospital mortality from stroke at the Douala General Hospital (DGH) in Cameroon. <i>Patients and Methods.</i> A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2012, at the DGH. All the patients who were aged more than 15 years with established diagnosis of stroke were included. A univariate analysis was done to look for factors associated with the risk of death, whilst the predictive factors of death were determined in a multivariate analysis following Cox regression model. <i>Results.</i> Of the 325 patients included patients, 68.1&#x25; were males and the mean age was 58.66 &#xb1; 13.6 years. Ischaemic stroke accounted for 52&#x25; of the cases. Sepsis was the leading complications present in 99 (30.12&#x25;) cases. Independent predicting factors of in-hospital mortality were Glasgow Coma Scale lower than 8 (HR = 2.17 95&#x25; CI 4.86&#x2013;36.8; <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-0.2063999pt" id="M1" height="8.80314pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.59674 58.4057 8.80314" width="58.4057pt"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path id="g50-81" d="M622 479C622 589 545 650 400 650H146L140 618C229 609 230 602 215 527L135 132C117 43 112 41 27 32L18 0H305L313 32C213 40 205 44 222 132L251 284L324 262H365C484 269 622 333 622 479ZM528 477C528 356 420 305 344 305C300 305 276 314 259 321L303 554C311 597 313 600 331 606C345 611 361 614 379 614C463 614 528 580 528 477Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.766,0)"><path id="g54-34" d="M556 331V384H55V331H556ZM556 140V193H55V140H556Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,23.385,0)"><path id="g50-49" d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.716,0)"><path id="g50-47" d="M117 -12C153 -12 178 12 178 50C178 84 153 110 118 110C84 110 59 84 59 50C59 12 84 -12 117 -12Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.797,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,39.128,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,45.459,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,51.79,0)"><path id="g50-50" d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z"/></g></svg>), hyperglycaemia at admission (HR = 3.61 95&#x25; CI 1.38&#x2013;9.44; <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-0.2063999pt" id="M2" height="8.80314pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.59674 52.0509 8.80314" width="52.0509pt"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-81"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.766,0)"><use xlink:href="#g54-34"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,23.385,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.716,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-47"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.797,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,39.128,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,45.459,0)"><path id="g50-58" d="M247 635C116 635 39 518 39 421C39 315 113 237 221 237C239 237 258 241 281 253L349 289C315 140 204 42 60 19L66 -15C90 -15 153 -5 207 16C344 70 447 199 447 385C447 521 373 635 247 635ZM231 598C329 598 356 478 356 390C356 371 355 347 352 325C330 309 297 297 262 297C179 297 127 369 127 456C127 515 156 598 231 598Z"/></g></svg>), and hemorrhagic stroke (HR = 5.65 95&#x25; CI 1.77&#x2013;18; <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-0.2063999pt" id="M3" height="8.80314pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.59674 52.051 8.80314" width="52.051pt"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-81"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.766,0)"><use xlink:href="#g54-34"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,23.385,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.716,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-47"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.797,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,39.128,0)"><use xlink:href="#g50-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,45.459,0)"><path id="g50-52" d="M290 377C321 398 342 415 358 430C378 450 389 473 389 502C389 578 329 635 238 635H237C184 635 137 610 109 578L64 515L88 493C112 529 154 573 208 573S303 542 303 482C303 409 233 370 141 341L149 308C165 313 190 319 215 319C272 319 341 283 341 193C342 98 292 43 222 43C163 43 122 72 96 94C88 101 79 100 70 94C61 87 47 73 46 60C44 47 48 37 62 23C76 10 118 -12 165 -12C238 -12 430 62 430 223C430 297 379 359 290 375V377Z"/></g></svg>). <i>Conclusion.</i> The clinician should systematically diagnose and treat infectious states and hyperglycaemia in stroke.

N. Y. Mapoure

C. B. Tchaleu Nguenkam

H. B. Mbatchou Ngahane

A. Dzudie

A. Coulibaly

N. G. Mounjouopou

E. Vaissaba

N. H. Luma

S. A. Mouelle

A. K. Njamnshi

Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality for Stroke in Douala, Cameroon

Majaz Moonis

Padma Srivastava

Magdy Selim

Marc Fisher

Advances and Potential New Treatments in Stroke Management

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<p><em>Stroke Research and Treatment </em>provides a platform for clinicians and basic scientists interested in cerebral circulation and associated diseases. Journal topics include risk factors, symptomatology, imaging, pathophysiology etc.</p>


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Stroke Research and Treatment - Table of contents 2014

title

Stroke Research and Treatment provides a platform for clinicians and basic scientists interested in cerebral circulation and associated diseases. Journal topics include risk factors, symptomatology, imaging, pathophysiology etc.

Stroke Research and Treatment