Research Article
Thermal Hydraulic Analysis Using GIS on Application of HTR to Thermal Recovery of Heavy Oil Reservoirs
Table 7
Values of
in the case of wet steam.
| | Situation | | Value |
| Sudden enlargement pipe or tube
|
| = 1.0 | Sudden contraction pipe or tube
|
| = 1.0 | | 90° bend | | | | where l is the | | length of the bend | Valve
| Gate valve | = 1.5 | | Ball valve | = 2.3 | | Control valve | = 1.0 |
|
|
