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Model | Researchers, year [Reference] | Number of strut(s) | Modeling outlines |
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1 | Holmes, 1961 [14] | One | Modeling the ultimate strength, stiffness, and deflection at failure of the infill |
2 | Stafford-Smith, 1962 [15] | One | Modeling effective width of the equivalent (linear) strut |
3 | Stafford-Smith and Carter, 1969 [16] | One | Modeling stiffness, ultimate strength, and cracking load of the infill |
4 | Mainstone and Weeks, 1970 [17] | One | Modeling stiffness and strength of the infill |
5 | Mainstone, 1971 [18] | One | Modeling stiffness and strength of the infill |
6 | Klingner and Bertero, 1978 [19] | One | Modeling the hysteretic response, strength and stiffness of the infill |
7 |
Te-Chang and Kwok-Hung, 1984 [20] | One | Modeling stiffness and strength of the infill |
8 | Syrmakezis and Vratsanou, 1986 [21] | Five | Considering the effect of the contact length on the moment distribution of the frame as well as strength and stiffness of the infill |
9 | Zarnic and Tomazevic, 1988 [22] | One | Modeling the lateral strength and stiffness of the infill |
10 | Schmidt, 1989 [23] | Two | Modeling the frame-infill interaction as well as strength and stiffness of the infill |
11 | Chrysostomou, 1991 [24] | Three | Modeling the frame-infill interaction as well as the hysteretic seismic response of the infilled frame considering stiffness and strength degradation |
12 | Saneinejad and Hobbs, 1995 [25] | One | Modeling nonlinear force-displacement response of infill up to the ultimate load |
13 | Crisafulli, 1997 [26] | Two | Modeling the frame-infill interaction as well as accounting for compressive and shear strength of the infill |
14 | Flanagan and Bennett, 1999 [27] | One | Modeling corner crushing strength and stiffness of the infill |
15 |
El-Dakhakhni et al., 2003 [28] | Three | Modeling the frame-infill interaction as well as corner crushing failure mechanism |
16 |
Dolšek and Fajfar, 2008 [29] | One | Modeling the force-displacement response of the infill by a tri-linear response, including post-peak response |
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