Research Article

The Seismic Response of High-Speed Railway Bridges Subjected to Near-Fault Forward Directivity Ground Motions Using a Vehicle-Track-Bridge Element

Figure 14

Moment-rotation relationship at the element of pier bottom for lateral near-fault ground motion record of Northridge-Rinaadi station with 350 km/h vehicle speed and 14 m pier.
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(a) First element at the base of pier
985602.fig.0014b
(b) Second element at the base of pier
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(c) Third element at the base of pier
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(d) Fourth element at the base of pier