Classical Flutter and Active Control of Wind Turbine Blade Based on Piezoelectric Actuation

Table 1

Composite parameters and piezoelectric properties.

Composite items	Values	Piezoelectric items	Values
Maximum exterior width	24.21 × 10^−3 m	Thickness	1.9 × 10^−4 m
Maximum exterior height	2.643 × 10^−3 m	Piezoelectric coefficient	−2.05 × 10^2 Pa V
Blade density	1672 kg/m^3	Density	7.65 × 10^2 kg s^2/m^4
Ply layers	6	Electrical permittivity	1.2 × 10^−8 F/m
Ply thickness	127 × 10^−6 m	Elastic coefficient	1.39 × 10^11 Pa
Ply layers	6
/	3.5 GPa/0.34	Elastic coefficient	7.778 × 10^10 Pa
/	25.8 GPa/8.7 GPa	Piezoelectric width	c/6 m