Research Article
Failure Characteristics of Joint Bolts in Shield Tunnels Subjected to Impact Loads from a Derailed Train
Table 1
Material parameters.
| | Material | Density, (kg/m3) | Young’s modulus, (GPa) | Poisson’s ratio, | Angle of friction, (°) | Cohesion, (MPa) |
| | Siltstone | 2460.0 | 19.50 | 0.205 | 38.0 | 3.75 | | Sandstone | 2580.0 | 25.0 | 0.159 | 42.0 | 2.50 | | Segment lining | 2400.0 | 34.5 | 0.200 | — | — |
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