Field Tests to Investigate the Penetration Rate of Piles Driven by Vibratory Installation

Table 1

Factor classification.

Series	Type	Explanation	Related factors
	Driving force	The force vibratory hammer transfers to pile.	Properties of vibratory hammers including the moment of inertia and the angular frequency.
	Resistances	Concluding shaft resistance, toe resistance and clutch friction.	Soil conditions and the size of pile-soil interface.
	Vibratory amplitude	Be related with the time of liquefaction and degradation of surrounding soils.	Properties of vibratory hammers and piles, as well as soil conditions.
	Energy consumption	Generating due to the pile lateral vibration during the sinking process.	Length and sectional properties of piles, as well as soil conditions.
	Speeding up at the beginning	The time of vibratory driving system working from start to run stable.	The performance of vibratory driving systems and the skill of operators.
	Pile plumbness keeping	Operators generally reduce penetration rate for keeping pile plumbness.	The type of vibratory driving systems and the type of piles, as well as the skill of operators.
	Slowing down at the end	At the end of penetration operators often consciously reduce penetration rate.	Mainly refer to short piles driven in soft soils.