Vibration Induced by Subway Trains: Open-Trench Mitigation Analysis in the Time and Frequency Domains

Figure 4

Dynamic loads applied in the experiment. (a) Sinusoidal loads at a fixed-frequency 200 Hz (prototype scale). (b) Sweep loads in time domain. (c) Sweep loads in frequency domain. (d) Train loads in time domain. (e) Train loads in frequency domain.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)