Numerical Investigation of the Dynamic Responses and Damage of Linings Subjected to Violent Gas Explosions inside Highway Tunnels

<div>Overall degree of damage of the tunnel lining. (a) Overall damage situation. (b) Details of the cross section. (c) Details of the tunnel floor.</div>

Shock and Vibration

fig13

Figure 13

Figure 13: Numerical Investigation of the Dynamic Responses and Damage of Linings Subjected to Violent Gas Explosions inside Highway Tunnels 