Seismic Analysis of Low-Rise Self-Centering Prestressed Concrete Frames considering Soil-Structure Interaction

Figure 4

The BNWF model and behavior of soil spring for the foundation. (a) The BNWF model. Behavior of (b) q-z model, (c) p-x model, and (d) t-x model.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)