A Morphological Filtering Method Based on Particle Swarm Optimization for Railway Vehicle Bearing Fault Diagnosis

<div>The rolling element fault signal and operating signal: (a) the waveform of the operating signal, (b) the waveform of the test rig signal, (c) the waveform of the synthesized signal, and (d) the spectrum of the synthesized signal.</div>

Shock and Vibration

fig9

Figure 9

Figure 9: A Morphological Filtering Method Based on Particle Swarm Optimization for Railway Vehicle Bearing Fault Diagnosis 