Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Seismic Response of Immersed Tunnel in Horizontally Layered Site under Obliquely Incident SV Waves

Figure 10

Joint dislocation (opening) at different angles of incidence. (a) Dislocation (opening) of roof and floor at pipe joints under incident angle (0°, 0°); (b) dislocation (opening) of roof and floor at pipe joints under incident angle (0°, 15°); (c) dislocation (opening) of roof and floor at pipe joints under incident angle (0°, 30°); (d) dislocation (opening) of roof and floor at pipe joints under incident angle (30°, 0°); (e) dislocation (opening) of roof and floor at pipe joints under incident angle (30°, 15°); (f) dislocation (opening) of roof and floor at pipe joints under incident angle (30°, 30°); (g) dislocation (opening) of roof and floor at pipe joints under incident angle (60°, 0°); (h) dislocation (opening) of roof and floor at pipe joints under incident angle (60°, 15°); and (i) dislocation (opening) of roof and floor at pipe joints under incident angle (60°, 30°).

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