Effect of Surface Hardening on Dynamic Frictional Rolling Contact Behavior and Degradation of Corrugated Rail

Figure 14

Field of shear stress on the rail: (a) xz stress with nonhardening material; (b) xz stress with hardening material; (c) yz stress with nonhardening material; (d) yz stress with hardening material.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)