A Hybrid Approach Calculating Lateral Spreading Induced by Seismic Liquefaction

Table 4

Soil parameters of the hardening soil small model.

Soil layers	Symbol	Silt-1	Silt-2	Silty clay
Thickness (m)		1.2	1.3	4.8
Relative density (%)	Dr	36.74	37.5	47.43
Secant stiffness (kPa)		22044	22500	28458
Tangent stiffness (kPa)		22044	22500	28458
Unloading/reloading stiffness (kPa)		44088	45000	56916
Reference shear stiffness (kPa)		84983	85500	92252
Shear strain at which G has reduced to 72.2%		0.000163	0.000163	0.000153
Rate of stress-level dependency	m	0.585188	0.582813	0.551781
Horizontal over vertical stress ratio		0.461339	0.459943	0.441838
Failure ratio		0.954	0.953	0.941