Reinforcement Strain and Potential Failure Surface of Geogrid Reinforced Soil-Retaining Wall under Horizontal Seismic Loading

Table 1

Scaling factors in model test.

Number	Physical quantity	Similarity constants	Two-tiered RSRW	Single-step RSRW
			1 : 10	1 : 2	1 : 4
1	Length (L)	Cl	10	2	4
2	Elastic modulus (E)	= 1	1	1	1
3	Density (ρ)	= 1	1	1	1
4	Stress (σ)	=  = 1	1	1	1
5	Time (t)	=	3.16	1.414	2
6	Velocity ()	=	3.16	1.414	2
7	Acceleration (a)	Ca = 1	1	1	1
8	Gravity ()	= 1	1	1	1
9	Frequency (ω)	Cω =	0.316	0.707	0.5