Optimization Design on Functionally Graded Cem for Trains Based on LPM Model with Calibrated Parameters

Table 5

Parameters comparison of different energy configurations.

	Mode	S1	S2	S3	S4	S5	S6
Platform load (kN)	UE	3429	1500	1500	1500	1500	1500
	FGE	2925	2258	1754	1492	1754	2258
Designed energy (kJ)	UE	2400	525	525	525	525	525
	FGE	2048	790	614	522	614	790
Absorbed energy (kJ)	UE	1707	507	511	520	191	3.1
	FGE	2008	783	606	452	1.8	0.9
PC (%)	UE	71.1	96.6	97.3	99.0	36.4	0.6
	FGE	98.1	99.1	98.7	86.6	0.3	0.1

Note: PC = (Absorbed energy/designed energy) × 100%.