Investigation of Dynamic Responses and Vibration Serviceability of Temporary Grandstands by a 3 DOF Interaction Model due to Swaying Motion

<div>The influence of active crowd parameters on structural dynamic responses. (a) The max VDV with <i>f</i><sub>2</sub><i>α ζ</i><sub>2</sub>; (b) the max VDV when <i>α</i> between 0.2 and 0.8.</div>

Shock and Vibration

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Figure 16

Figure 16: Investigation of Dynamic Responses and Vibration Serviceability of Temporary Grandstands by a 3 DOF Interaction Model due to Swaying Motion 

Figure 16 | Investigation of Dynamic Responses and Vibration Serviceability of Temporary Grandstands by a 3 DOF Interaction Model due to Swaying Motion 