A Simplified Method for Predicting Tunneling-Induced Ground Movement considering Nonuniform Deformation Boundary

<div>Sketch of asymmetrical convergence deformation mode (<i>u</i><sub>0</sub> denotes the uniform radial displacement; <i>u</i><sub><i>θ</i></sub> denotes the ovalized deformation, and <i>u</i><sub><i>z</i></sub> denotes the rigid vertical settlement).</div>

Shock and Vibration

fig2

Figure 2

Figure 2: A Simplified Method for Predicting Tunneling-Induced Ground Movement considering Nonuniform Deformation Boundary 