Research Article

Galleria mellonella Invertebrate Model Mirrors the Pathogenic Potential of Mycoplasma alligatoris within the Natural Host

Table 1

Histologic criteria for assessment of lesion severity.

SiteScoreDescription

Joints

 Cartilage0Normal
1Minimal focal or multifocal erosion of the most superficial layer of cells of articular cartilage
2Mild focal or multifocal erosion (5–6 cell layers thick)
3Moderate focal or multifocal erosion one-fourth or more of thickness of articular cartilage
4Marked focal or multifocal erosion extending to subchondral bone

 Subchondral bone0Normal
1Minimal evidence of osteoclast remodeling only
2Mild fibrous proliferation within marrow cavity and osteoclast remodeling
3Moderate fibrous proliferation throughout marrow cavity and osteoclast remodeling
4Marked destruction of bone with osteonecrosis and osteomyelitis

 Exudate in joint spaces0None
1Minimal (rare) granulocytes and mononuclear cells
2Mild accumulations of granulocytes, mononuclear cells, fibrin, and necrotic debris
3Moderate accumulations of granulocytes, mononuclear cells, fibrin, and necrotic debris
4Marked accumulations of granulocytes, mononuclear cells, fibrin, and necrotic debris

 Synovium/fibrous capsule0Normal
1Minimal (rare to occasional) granulocytes and macrophages in synovium/fibrous capsule
2Mild accumulations of scattered granulocytes and macrophages in synovium/fibrous capsule
3Moderate, dense accumulations of granulocytes, and macrophages limited to fibrous capsule ± edema
4Marked destruction of fibrous capsule with infiltration into adjacent soft tissues

Brain

 Meningitis0No lesions
1Mild focal meningitis
2Moderate focal or mild to moderate multifocal meningitis
3Focal granulomas associated with meninges
4Severe focal or moderate to severe multifocal meningitis

 Encephalitis0No lesions
1Mild focal encephalitis with infiltration of scattered heterophils and macrophages in neuropil. Minimal tissue destruction
2Moderately dense infiltrates of heterophils and macrophages with associated tissue destruction
3Severe focal or multifocal encephalitis with dense infiltrates of heterophils and macrophages and associated severe destruction of tissue