Prevalence of Asthma among Norwegian Elite Athletes
Table 4
Lung function and fractional expired nitric oxide (FENO) among elite athletes, divided into summer and winter athletes and across sport categories.
Summer (n = 80) mean (95% CI)
Winter (n = 55) mean (95% CI)
value
Endurance (n = 64) mean (95% CI)
Team sport (n = 50) mean (95% CI)
Technical (n = 21) mean (95% CI)
value
FEV1
(% pred)
105 (103, 108)
96 (93, 99)
<0.001
99 (96, 101)
107 (104, 110)
96 (90, 102)
<0.001
z-FEV1
0.45 (0.26, 0.65)
−0.33 (−0.58, −0.08)
<0.001
−0.11 (−0.33, 0.11)
0.63 (0.37, 0.38)
−0.33 (−0.80, 0.15)
<0.001
LLN (n, %)
0 (0%)
4 (7.4%)
0.026
2 (3.2%)
0 (0%)
2 (9.5%)
<0.001
FVC
(% pred)
108 (106, 111)
102 (100, 105)
0.001
106 (103, 108)
108 (106, 111)
99 (95, 103)
<0.001
z-FVC
0.66 (0.47, 0.84)
0.19 (−0.0, 0.4)
0.002
0.49 (0.29, 0.70)
0.66 (0.43, 0.89)
−0.11 (−0.46, 0.24)
<0.001
LLN (n, %)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
ns
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
ns
MEF25–75
(% pred)
108 (103, 113)
97 (90, 104)
0.005
96 (90, 102)
114 (108, 121)
101 (90, 111)
<0.001
z-MEF25–75
0.35 (0.12, 0.58)
−0.17 (−0.46, 0.11)
0.004
−0.21 (−0.45, 0.36)
0.58 (0.30, 0.86)
0.10 (−0.46, 0.67)
<0.001
LLN (n, %)
1 (1.3%)
4 (7.4%)
0.158
4 (6.3%)
0 (0%)
1 (4.8%)
<0.001
FEV1/FVC
(% pred)
97 (95, 98)
93 (91, 95)
0.007
93 (91, 94)
98 (96, 100)
96 (93, 100)
<0.001
z-FEV1/FVC
−0.37 (−0.57, −0.17)
−0.81 (−1.07, −0.55)
0,005
−0.89 (−1.12, −0.67)
−0.16 (−0.41, 0.09)
−0.45 (−0.85, −0.05)
<0.001
LLN (n, %)
5 (6.3%)
10 (18.5%)
0.027
11 (17.5%)
2 (4.0%)
2 (9.5%)
0.001
FENO (ppb)
14.2 (10.5)
13.6 (8.7)
0.933
13.7 (9.6)
14.2 (9.0)
12.8 (12.4)
0.867
median (interquartile range); ns = not significant; FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC = forced vital capacity; MEF25–75 = mean expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of FVC; LLN = lower limit of normal; ppb = parts per billion.
