The Epidemiology of Youth Sport-Related Shoulder Injuries: A Systematic Review

Table 7

Assessment of study quality and level of evidence for included studies.

First Author	Risk of Bias (Downs and Black Score /33)	Level of Evidence
Achenbach	14	4
Allen	9	6
Archbold	8	4
Arnold	11	4
Asker	16	4
Asker	11	4
Badgley	7	6
Barden	9	4
Bonza	8	4
Bonza	10	3
Christine	9	6
Clarsen	7	4
Clifton	7	6
Clifton	7	6
Collins	7	6
Collins	7	6
Culpepper	11	4
Currie	9	6
Darrow	8	6
Deits	12	4
Deits	8	6
DiStefano	7	6
Dompier	9	5
Dyer	17	4
Emery	7	3
Finke	8	6
Fleisig	9	6
Fredriksen	20	2
Fredriksen (2021)	22	2
Frey	9	6
Gamage	9	4
Gescheit	9	4
Hibberd	13	3
Hinton	10	4
Hirschhorn	11	4
Hjelm	13	3
Hodhody	9	6
Horobeanu	10	4
Hutchinson	9	4
Jacobs	10	5
Junge	12	4
Kawasaki	12	6
Kerr (2017)	11	6
Kerr (2018, 2)	11	6
Kerr (2018, 3)	11	6
Kerr (2018)	11	6
Kraeutler	10	6
Krajnik	7	6
Kroshus	11	6
Lynall	11	6
Matic	7	6
McCarthy	8	6
Miranda	8	6
Moller	15	4
Morris	7	6
Myers	10	4
Oliver	7	6
Olsen	13	4
Oyama	12	4
Pasque	9	4
Pierpoint	11	6
Pierpoint	11	6
Polites	9	6
Pollard	12	4
Rauh	11	5
Reeser	8	4
Register-Mihalik	10	4
Robinson	9	6
Ruedl	10	4
Sakata	24	2
Saper	13	6
Schneur	8	6
Sewry	11	4
Shanley	7	4
Shanley	10	4
Shanley	9	4
Shanley	14	4
Shitara	9	4
Smith	8	4
Snyder-Vailer	7	6
Swenson	7	6
Tee (2017)	12	4
Tee (2017)	12	4
Tuominen	10	5
Tyler	10	4
Vijam	11	4
Volpi	12	4
Warner	9	6
Wasserman (2018)	11	4
Wasserman (2019)	11	5
Wood	7	6
Yard	13	4
Yard	13	4
Yard	9	4