Quercetin Protects Primary Human Osteoblasts Exposed to Cigarette Smoke through Activation of the Antioxidative Enzymes HO-1 and SOD-1

Figure 3

Quercetin reduces CSM-induced cellular damage in primary human osteoblasts dose-dependently. (a) Stimulation of primary human osteoblasts (𝑁=3, 𝑛=4) for 4 h with 25, 50, and 100 μM Quercetin is not toxic to the cells. (b) Pre-, (c) co-, and (d) postincubation with these subtoxic concentrations of Quercetin protects primary human osteoblasts (𝑁=3, 𝑛=4) from CSM-induced (OD₃₂₀ = 0.8) cellular damage. Viability was measured by resazurin conversion. Results are given as fractional survival [%] compared to untreated cells. ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001 compared to CSM-treated cells.

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