Intervention Based Exclusively on Stage-Matched Printed Educational Materials Regarding Healthy Eating Does Not Result in Changes to Adolescents’ Dietary Behavior

Table 1

Comparability between the intervention and control groups, regarding baseline characteristics.

Variables	Total		Control Group		Intervention Group		P value
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Age
11–13 yrs	489	56.9%	207	55.5%	282	57.9%	0.459
14–16 yrs	365	42.4%	163	43.7%	202	41.5%
17–19 yrs	6	0.7%	3	0.8%	3	0.6%
Gender
Male	348	40.5%	135	36.2%	213	43.7%	0.030
Female	512	59.5%	238	63.8%	274	56.3%
Family income
<2 BMMS*	294	34.2%	120	32.2%	174	35.7%	0.130
2–4.9 BMMS*	286	33.2%	118	31.6%	168	34.5%
≥5 BMMS*	200	23.3%	100	26.8%	100	20.5%
Didn’t know/no answer	80	9.3%	35	9.4%	45	9.3%
Nutritional status
Thinness	23	2.6%	8	2.2%	15	3.1%	0.544
Adequate	682	79.3%	304	81.5%	378	77.6%
Overweight	126	14.7%	50	13.4%	76	15.6%
Obesity	29	3.4%	11	2.9%	18	3.7%
Fruit/vegetable intake
Adequate	94	10.9%	43	11.5%	51	10.5%	0.660
Inadequate	766	89.1%	330	88.5%	436	89.5%
Stages of change
Precontemplation	376	43.7%	159	42.6%	217	44.6%	0.377
Contemplation	117	13.6%	46	12.3%	71	14.6%
Preparation	273	31.7%	125	33.5%	148	30.4%
Action	16	1.9%	8	2.1%	8	1.6%
Maintenance	78	9.1%	35	9.4%	43	8.8%
Total	860	100%	373	100%	487	100%

*BMMS: Brazilian minimum monthly salary.