A Chinese Chan-Based Mind-Body Intervention Improves Sleep on Patients with Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 5

Wake time after sleep onset (minutes) at pre- and post-treatment.

	Pre-treatment	Post-treatment	Post minus Pre Difference	t	𝑃	Effect size
Whole group
WL (𝑛=10)	29.00 (36.14)	28.45 (35.54)	−0.55(33.56)	0.05	0.48	0.02
CBT (𝑛=16)	29.72 (31.53)	21.75 (19.11)	−7.97(22.45)	1.42	0.09	0.36
DMBI (𝑛=10)	33.65 (25.50)	21.55 (19.92)	−12.10(26.34)	1.45	0.09	0.46^+
Sub-group
WL (𝑛=5)	49.50 (42.88)	44.00 (44.64)	−5.50(48.62)	0.25	0.41	0.11
CBT (𝑛=9)	51.11 (26.19)	30.56 (19.44)	−20.56(20.68)	2.98	0.01*	0.99^++
DMBI (𝑛=6)	51.67 (13.29)	28.83 (22.23)	−22.83(28.53)	1.96	0.05*	0.80^++

Note. WL: waitlist control; CBT: cognitive-behavioural therapy; DMBI: Dejian mind-body intervention. Subgroup included participants who took >15 minutes to resume sleep after awakening at baseline. Standard deviations are in parentheses. *𝑃 ≤ 0.05, ⁺medium effect size, ⁺⁺large effect size.