Traditional Medicinal Herbs and Food Plants Have the Potential to Inhibit Key Carbohydrate Hydrolyzing Enzymes In Vitro and Reduce Postprandial Blood Glucose Peaks In Vivo

Table 2

Effects of AM and MC on α-glucosidase activity.

Concentration of extracts (μg/mL)	α-Glucosidase activity % inhibition (−) or stimulation (+)^a
	Crude water Extract	Crude methanol extract	Dichloro-methane fraction	Ethyl acetate fraction	n-Butanol fraction	Water fraction
100	(−87.36±5.32)^∗; [−68.96±5.68^∗]	(−95.63±6.23^∗); [−76.65±2.36^∗]	(−94.63±6.65^∗); [−89.59±2.54^∗]	(−98.64±7.42^∗); [−90.56±8.54^∗]	(−72.63±6.12^∗); [−87.65±6.04^∗]	(−56.32±2.36^∗); [−62.36±6.54^∗]
50	(−76.32±6.32^∗); [−54.36±4.36^∗]	(−81.26±7.12^∗); [−59.68±5.67^∗]	(−74.12±5.62^∗); [−76.63±3.21^∗]	(−82.36±2.34^∗); [−79.63±7.54^∗]	(−52.32±2.35^∗); [−62.38±4.21^∗]	(−36.32±3.36^∗); [−52.31±2.35^∗]
25	(−52.36±4.23^∗); [−36.12±2.54^∗]	(−66.32±2.36^∗); [−42.16±2.15^∗]	(−69.32±4.12^∗); [−60.15±1.68^∗]	(−76.32±6.32^∗); [−62.64±6.21^∗]	(−40.16±1.36^∗); [−40.13±5.32^∗]	(−28.69±1.12^∗); [−35.36±3.57^∗]
12.5	(−32.15±2.32^∗); [−28.69±1.69^∗]	(−50.19±1.13^∗); [−35.67±1.69^∗]	(−52.14±2.36^∗); [−40.19±3.28^∗]	(−59.32±5.32^∗); [−40.16±3.54^∗]	(−36.94±2.36^∗); [−27.68±2.31^∗]	(−14.32±1.62^∗); [−26.63±2.07^∗]

^aResults are expressed as mean percentage ± S.E.M of seven observations in each group; (% inhibition of AM); (% inhibition of MC).
The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (%) was defined as the percentage decrease in absorbance over the control (without extract).
*Values significantly different (𝑃<0.05) from the control (without extract) in each group.