Effects of Chinese Liquors on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Healthy Young Humans

Table 2

Fasting concentrations of cardiovascular disease risk factors before and after the intervention in all subjects.

Variables	TFL (𝑛=23)			TCL (𝑛=22)			𝑃 value
	Day 0	Day 28	Difference; (95% CIs)	Day 0	Day 28	Difference; (95% CIs)	Time	Liquor	Time × Liquor
Body weight (kg)	58.80±7.29	58.59±7.45	−0.22; (−0.92, 0.48)	59.02±9.29	58.73±9.06	−0.30; (−0.86, 0.27)	0.786	0.825	0.871
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.37±0.19	1.43±0.26	0.06; (−0.01, 0.12)	1.49±0.36	1.53±0.38	0.04; (−0.04, 0.12)	0.001	0.224	0.562
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.17±0.69	2.11±0.65	−0.06; (−0.18, 0.06)	2.27±0.53	2.10±0.45	−0.17; (−0.32, −0.01)^*	0.002	0.808	0.218
TC (mmol/L)	4.17±0.77	3.90±0.68	−0.27; (−0.47, −0.07)^*	4.41±0.67	4.04±0.63	−0.37; (−0.58, −0.16)^**	<0.001	0.338	0.403
HDL-C/LDL-C	0.71±0.33	0.76±0.36	0.05; (0.02, 0.08)^**	0.68±0.18	0.74±0.18	0.06; (0.02, 0.10)^**	0.106	0.748	0.635
TC/HDL-C	3.09±0.65	2.79±0.64	−0.29; (−0.36, −0.22)^**	3.07±0.63	2.74±0.53	−0.33; (−0.42, −0.24)^**	0.017	0.853	0.53
TG (mmol/L)	0.91±0.34	0.76±0.24	−0.15; (−0.23, −0.07)^**	0.85±0.32	0.80±0.37	−0.06; (−0.18, 0.06)	0.953	0.955	0.176
Apo A1 (g/L)	1.37±0.15	1.48±0.20	0.11; (0.04, 0.18)^**	1.45±0.29	1.57±0.29	0.12; (0.05, 0.19)^**	0.515	0.207	0.815
Apo B (g/L)	0.50±0.13	0.51±0.11	0.01; (−0.03, 0.05)	0.51±0.08	0.50±0.11	−0.01; (−0.05, 0.03)	0.716	0.877	0.401
Apo B/A1	0.37±0.10	0.35±0.09	−0.02; (−0.04, 0.01)	0.37±0.10	0.33±0.09	−0.04; (−0.06, −0.01)^**	0.702	0.739	0.224
DBP (mmHg)	68.27±10.3	73.05±7.47	5.04; (2.19, 7.90)^**	68.36±6.4	69.91±8.76	1.55; (−1.40, 4.50)	0.094	0.487	0.089
SBP (mmHg)	110.61±13.21	106.13±9.76	−4.48; (−8.23, −0.73)^*	108.77±10.2	104.68±10.7	−4.09; (−8.76, 0.58)	0.053	0.534	0.912
Glucose (mmol/L)	5.10±0.39	4.75±0.34	−0.35; (−0.50, −0.20)^**	5.02±0.28	4.64±0.45	−0.38; (−0.56, −0.21)^**	0.287	0.293	0.759
Insulin (μIU/mL)	4.81±1.69	5.42±1.80	0.61; (−0.36, 1.59)	4.0±1.95	5.34±2.05	1.34; (0.26, 2.43)^*	0.104	0.303	0.297
HOMA	1.10±0.45	1.15±0.39	0.05; (−0.19, 0.28)	0.90±0.45	1.12±0.49	0.22; (−0.03, 0.47)	0.149	0.282	0.293
Uric acid (μmol/L)	344.64±93.11	314.14±71.38	−30.49; (−50.33, −10.65)^**	332.78±75	290.41±51.7	−42.36; (−65.65, −19.07)^**	0.001	0.235	0.388
Hs-CRP (mg/L)	0.75±0.47	1.04±0.49	0.30; (−0.02, 0.62)	0.69±0.60	0.81±0.48	0.12; (−0.11, 0.36)	0.782	0.199	0.375

TFL: tea-flavor liquor; TCL: traditional Chinese liquor; TG: triacylglycerol; TC: total cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ApoA1: apolipoprotein A1; ApoB: apolipoprotein B; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; HOMA: Homeostasis Model Assessment. ^∗𝑃<0.05, compared to day 0 for each intervention; ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, compared to day 0 for each intervention.