Evaluation of Minerals Content of Drinking Water in Malaysia
Table 3
Mineral concentrations in mineral water (MW) samples and the standard limits recommended by Malaysian Food Regulations and international regulations.
Mineral water
Na
Mg
K
Ca
Fea
Cua
Zna
Cra
Mna
Nia
Asa
Cda
Pba
F
Cl
NO3
SO4
MW 1
2.40
2.84
1.15
3.17
16.7
12.3
4.1
Tr
ND
2.36
Tr
0.41
Tr
0.13
28.34
2.21
8.05
MW 2
3.58
2.70
0.60
1.65
17.4
10.1
3.3
Tr
19.0
6.88
0.03
0.37
0.09
0.14
28.02
0.34
ND
MW 3
3.55
6.67
4.46
0.59
19.2
11.6
1.4
Tr
35.0
0.74
0.39
0.44
0.33
0.30
27.16
0.72
5.35
MW 4
3.21
2.28
2.96
4.56
17.3
12.6
24.3
Tr
39.0
0.91
0.09
0.45
Tr
0.22
29.47
0.76
12.34
MW 5
21.18
0.72
2.53
25.06
15.9
12.2
12.7
Tr
30.9
3.49
0.27
0.45
0.69
Tr
58.58
2.84
13.97
MW 6
19.86
1.10
3.02
3.34
60.5
13.0
3.4
Tr
67.0
0.42
13.51
0.41
0.44
2.00
30.03
0.77
12.03
MW 7
9.80
3.00
3.61
3.32
3.0
14.8
2.2
Tr
4.0
0.74
12.71
0.36
Tr
0.27
31.23
0.52
18.74
MW 8
8.86
3.42
1.37
1.65
0.1
14.3
1.2
Tr
6.0
0.28
0.28
0.36
Tr
0.15
34.17
0.54
14.45
MW 9
7.70
2.31
2.52
4.66
Tr
15.1
0.8
Tr
39.0
0.58
2.65
0.39
1.25
0.78
35.53
0.28
10.12
MW 10
7.80
2.28
2.49
4.43
Tr
16.4
1.2
Tr
68.0
0.49
2.87
0.37
0.28
0.70
34.04
0.12
3.23
MW 11
10.37
12.00
3.64
1.71
Tr
1.5
0.7
Tr
30.0
0.71
0.72
0.37
0.34
0.18
37.98
2.14
4.05
MW 12
23.68
24.03
5.95
2.40
Tr
16.9
0.4
Tr
46.0
0.83
7.70
0.37
Tr
0.29
37.34
1.92
15.04
MW 13
10.24
12.61
3.53
1.49
Tr
15.2
6.6
Tr
26.0
1.13
0.40
0.43
Tr
0.17
36.03
1.95
4.20
WHO 2006
200
—
—
—
300
2000
—
50
500
20
10
3
10
1.5
250
50
500
EU 1998
200
—
—
—
200
2000
—
50
50
20
10
5
10
1.5
250
50
250
USEPA 2009
—
—
—
—
300
1300
5000
100
50
—
10
5
15
4
250
10
250
MR 1985-360A
—
—
—
—
—
1000
5000
50
2000
—
50
10
50
2
—
45
—
All data were presented as mean of three replicates (mg/L). aConcentration of minerals in μg/L. Tr: trace; ND: not detected; WHO: World Health Organization Guidelines; EU: European Union Standards; USEPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency Drinking Water Contaminants Regulations.
