The Future of Butyric Acid in Industry

Table 1

Summary of the most promising butyrate producing clostridial strains.

Strain	Sugar	Final conc. (g/L)	Fermentation mode	Reference
C. butyricum ZJUCB	Glucose	12.25	Batch	[17]
		16.74	Fed-batch
C. butyricum S21	Glucose	7.3	Batch
	Sucrose	10	Extractive batch	[16]
	Sucrose	20	Pertractive fed-batch
C. butyricum S21	Lactose	18.6	Batch	[13]
C. thermobutyricum ATCC 49875	Glucose	10.04	Batch	[25]
		19.38	Continuous
C. beijerinckii	Lactose	12	Batch	[29]
C. populeti  ATCC 35295	Glucose	6.3	Batch	[30]
C. tyrobutyricum JM1	Glucose	13.76	Batch	[19]
C. tyrobutyricum CIP 1–776	Glucose	45	Batch	[18]
	Glucose	62.8	Fed-batch
	Glucose	28.6	Fed-batch	[21]
C. tyrobutyricum ATCC 25755	Glucose	24.88	Fed-batch (immobilized cells)	[20]
	Glucose	43.4	Fed-batch (immobilized cells)	[22]
	Glucose	53	Fed-batch (immobilized cells)	[23]
C. tyrobutyricum CNRZ 596	Glucose	44	Batch
	Glucose	16.8	Continuous	[24]
	Glucose	33	Continuous (cell recycle)
C. tyrobutyricum ZJU 8235	Jerusalem artichoke hydrolysate	27.5 g/L	Batch	[31]
		60.4 g/L	Fed-batch (immobilized cells)