Synthesis of Nanoscale TiO₂ and Study of the Effect of Their Crystal Structure on Single Cell Response

Figure 10

Interaction of MDCK cells with TiO₂ nanoparticles: amorphous (a), anatase (b), brookite (c), and rutile (d). Inserts show direct contact of the nanoparticles with cell plasma membrane. Ultrathin sections. Transmission electron microscopy.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)