Leukoaraiosis Is a Chronic Atherosclerotic Disease

Table 1

Risk factors and clinical characteristics of stroke patients with and without leukoaraiosis.

	No Leukoaraiosis	Leukoaraiosis
Index	(𝑛=98)	(𝑛=72)	𝑃-value
Age, years	62.6±13.7	71.4±11.3	<0.001
Male gender, %	62.0	59.7	0.770
BMI, kg/m^2	27±4.5	26.8±4.5	0.700
Diabetes mellitus, %	22.4	36.1	0.051
Hypertension, %	54.1	74.6	0.006
Hyperlipidemia, %	45.9	47.9	0.800
Current smoker, %	29.8	21.4	0.230
Ever smoker, %	56.8	53.5	0.670
Mean IMT*, mm	0.81±1.12	0.86±1.13	0.002
Median IMT, (IQR), mm	0.60 (0.55–0.74)	0.70 (0.6–0.84)	0.002
Carotid plaque/s, %	63.3	82.6	0.007
NIHSS	3.9±4.4	4.3±3.4	0.580
Medication use
Acetylsalicylic acid, %	33.7	50.0	0.032
Clopidogrel, %	1.0	6.9	0.039
Beta Blockers, %	21.4	33.3	0.082
Calcium blockers, %	14.3	29.2	0.018
ACE Inhibitors, %	30.6	45.8	0.042
ARBs, %	1.0	4.2	0.181
HMG-CoA reductaseinhibitors, %	21.6	25.0	0.609
Within lacunar strokes, %	50.0	50.0	0.121

BMI indicates body mass index; IMT: intima-media thickness; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB: angiotensin receptor blockers; HMG-CoA, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A.
*Data were logarithmically transformed before analysis, presented is the geometric mean (SD).