Genetic Dissection of Sympatric Populations of Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), Using DALP-PCR Molecular Markers

Table 5

Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) of 10 populations of N. lugens based on three DALP primers.

Primer	Source of variation	Degree of freedom	Sum of squared deviation	Mean squared deviation	Variance component	% Total	𝑃 *
DALP235/DALPR	Rice versus Leersia (Among groups)	1	19.50	16.81	0.159	26.90	<0.001
	Populations within group	8	22.34	2.87	0.172	26.29	<0.001
	Individuals within population	190	49.50	0.29	0.280	52.03	<0.001
DALP231/DALPR	Rice versus Leersia (Among groups)	1	9.58	7.58	0.075	10.10	<0.001
	Populations within group	8	9.99	2.00	0.041	6.98	<0.001
	Individuals within population	190	75.43	0.48	0.474	85.06	<0.001
DALP234/DALPR	Rice versus Leersia (Among groups)	1	3.04	3.09	0.034	9.68	0.031
	Populations within group	8	7.07	0.82	0.03	5.78	0.006
	Individuals within population	190	66.90	0.35	0.38	95.02	<0.001

∗After 1000 random permutations; 𝑃 = Probability level.