Research Article
Enhanced Removal of Lead by Chemically and Biologically Treated Carbonaceous Materials
Table 3
Effect of contact time on sorption capacity and percent extraction of lead by hybrid sorbents and biosorbents in pH 2.0 and 7.0 solutions.
| | pH | Min | Metal capacity in μmol g−1 (percent extraction)* | | Ox-AC | Ox-AC-BY | Rd-AC | Rd-AC-BY |
AC-BY |
| | 2.0 | 1 | 20 (21.0%) | 210 (79.0%) | 100 (64.5%) | 190 (84.4%) | 290 (93.5%) | | 5 | 55 (58.0%) | 215 (81.0%) | 120 (77.4%) | 190 (84.4%) | 290 (93.5%) | | 10 | 75 (79.0%) | 255 (85.0%) | 130 (84.0%) | 205 (91.0%) | 300 (96.8%) | | 15 | 85 (89.0%) | 230 (86.8%) | 145 (93.5%) | 210 (93.0%) | 300 (96.8%) | | 20 | 95 (100.0%) | 255 (96.0%) | 150 (96.7%) | 225 (100.0%) | 310 (100.0%) | | 25 | 95 (100.0%) | 265 (100%) | 155 (100%) | 225 (100%) | 310 (100.0%) | | 30 | 95 (100.0%) | 265 (100.0%) | 155 (100.0%) | 225 (100.0%) | 310 (100.0%) |
| | 7.0 | 1 | 150 (75.0%) | 450 (85.0%) | 245 (87.5%) | 320 (82.0%) | 310 (86.1%) | | 5 | 160 (80%) | 425 (87.0%) | 250 (89.0%) | 335 (86.0%) | 320 (88.9%) | | 10 | 175 (87.5%) | 435 (88.0%) | 255 (91.0%) | 340 (87.0%) | 340 (94.4%) | | 15 | 190 (95.0%) | 440 (86.8%) | 255 (91.0%) | 365 (93.6%) | 350 (97.2%) | | 20 | 200 (100.0%) | 470 (94.0%) | 265 (94.6%) | 375 (96.0%) | 360 (100.0%) | | 25 | 200 (100.0%) | 470 (94.0%) | 280 (100.0%) | 385 (98.7%) | 360 (100.0%) | | 30 | 200 (100.0%) | 500 (100.0%) | 280 (100.0%) | 390 (100.0%) | 360 (100.0%) |
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*Values are based on with standard deviation of 2.0–5.0%.
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