Study/Year Design NSAID used Conclusions and recommendations Davis and Ackroyd, 1988 [136 ] Prospective double-blinded study of 100 patients with Colles’ fracture Fluriprophen (50 mg TDS) (i) No effect on Colles’ fracture. Adolphson et al., 1993 [137 ] Randomized double-blinded study on 42 postmenopausal women with colles fracture Piroxicam (i) No decrease of the rate of fracture healing (ii) Patients receiving piroxicam had significantly less pain (iii) No difference in the rate of functional recovery Butcher and Marsh, 1996 [138 ] Retrospective review of 94 patients with tibial fracture Not specified (i) Increase in the length of time to union by of 7.6 weeks (
𝑃
=
0
.
0
0
0
3
) (16.7 weeks versus 24.3 weeks). Wurnig et al., 1999 [139 ] 80 prospective patients receiving indomethacin prophylaxis for THR compared with 82 patients without Indomethacin (Oral 50 mg BD) (i) No effect on prosthetic loosening after cementless hip arthroplasty Giannoudis et al., 2000 [140 ] Retrospective review of 377 patients treated with IM nail Ibuprophen and Diclofenac (i) Increased risk for nonunion in patients receiving NSAIDs Bhandari et al., 2003 [141 ] Retrospective review of 192 tibial shaft fractures Not specified (i) Relative risk of 2.02 (
𝑃
=
0
.
0
3
5
) for patient who take NSAIDs Burd et al., 2003 [142 ] Retrospective review of 282 with acetabular fractures Indomethacin (i) Patients receiving indomethacin had increased risk for developing non-union Sculean et al., 2003 [143 ] Randomized blindied study on 20 patients with deep intrabony defect Rofecoxib (25 mg/day for 14 days) (i) No effect on the healing of intrabony periodontal defects Bhattacharyya et al., 2005 [144 ] Retrospective review of 9995 humeral shaft fractures treated nonoperatively Not specified (i) Exposure to nonselective NSAIDs in the period 61–90 days after a humeral shaft fracture was associated with nonunion Meunier et al., 2009 [145 ] Randomized study involving 50 patients undergoing total knee replacement Celecoxib (200 mg BD) (i) No differences in prosthesis migration, pain scores, range of motion, and subjective outcome were found after 2 years