Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Positive Youth Development Program for Secondary Students in Macau

Table 7

Comparison of the old and new participants in Wave 3 data.

	Old (𝑛=189)		New (𝑛=79)		t-value	P value
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
BO subscale	4.59	0.74	4.38	0.86	2.024	0.044
RP subscale	4.14	0.92	3.86	0.93	2.268	0.024
EC subscale	4.21	0.85	3.92	0.88	2.526	0.012
CC subscale	4.35	0.81	4.12	0.78	2.148	0.033
ID subscale	4.07	0.79	3.74	0.77	3.191	0.002
BF subscale	4.21	0.89	3.96	0.79	2.137	0.033
PI subscale	4.21	0.93	3.87	1.03	2.671	0.008
SP subscale	4.76	1.25	4.31	1.30	2.671	0.008
CYPDS	4.34	0.59	4.14	0.61	2.513	0.013
LIFE	3.77	1.04	3.28	0.83	3.735	0.000
SA	3.07	0.61	2.85	0.84	2.071	0.041
BI	1.52	0.56	1.65	0.53	1.813	0.071
BI (item 1)	2.13	1.10	2.54	1.07	2.807	0.005
BI (item 2)	1.35	0.70	1.44	0.83	0.814	0.417
BI (item 4)	1.39	0.70	1.51	0.79	1.164	0.247

Note: BO: bonding, RP: recognition for positive behavior subscale, EC: emotional competence subscale, CC: cognitive competence subscale. ID: clear and positive identity subscale, BF: beliefs in the future subscale, PI: prosocial involvement subscale, SP: spirituality subscale, CPYDS: mean of the 15 subscales, LIFE = life satisfaction scale, SA: school adjustment measures, BI: behavioral intention scale, BI (item 1): will you drink alcohol in the coming 2 years? BI (item 2): will you smoke cigarettes in the coming 2 years? BI (item 4): will you have sex in the future 2 years? Significant 𝑃 values are in bold.