Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Soluble Fractions of Industrial Solid Wastes on Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri

Table 5

Effects on reproduction, longevity, and growth of Daphnia magna exposed to soluble fractions of pulp and paper mill waste, samples PP1, PP2, and PP3, during 21 days. Results are expressed as means ± standard deviation.

Sample	Concentration (%)	Reproduction: no. neonates/broods	Longevity: no. survivors	Growth: length (mm)
PP1	Control	19.57±2.70	10±0.0	4.1±0.21
	12.5	33.27±5.15^a	9±0.32	3.94±0.30
	25	28.96±6.15^a	10±0.0	3.9±0.32
	50	29.32±6.57^a	10±0.0	4.06±0.42
	100	24.34±9.10	3±0.48^a	3.08±0.49^a
PP2	Control	19.49±3.89	10±0.0	4.8±0.42
	12.5	26.43±3.22^a	10±0.0	4.9±0.32
	25	24.84±3.03^a	10±0.0	4.66±0.71
	50	24.22±4.76^a	10±0.0	4.9±0.32
	100	5.78±4.67^a	4±0.52^a	4.25±0.96^a
PP3	Control	9.20±1.74	10±0.0	4.2±0.26
	6.25	5.49±1.92^a	10±0.0	2.95±0.28^a
	12.5	8.13±2.60	10±0.0	2.8±0.35^a
	25	6.81±3.50	10±0.0	2.55±0.44^a
	50	1.50±0.71^a	0±0.0^a	2.75±0.35^a

(^a) Values which differ significantly from control (𝑃<0.05).