Review Article

Interaction of Herbal Compounds with Biological Targets: A Case Study with Berberine

Table 3

Distribution of berberine’s targets in vitro according to molecular functions.

PANTHER molecular functionNumber
of targets

Acyltransferase activity1
Anion channel activity1
ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances2
Cation channel activity1
Cation transmembrane transporter activity1
Chemokine1
Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel activity1
Cysteine protease3
Cytokine receptor activity1
DNA binding9
DNA topoisomerase1
Glycosyltransferase1
GTPase activity2
Hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds1
Hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds1
Kinase activator1
Kinase activator activity4
Kinase activity11
Kinase inhibitor activity2
Kinase regulator activity6
Metalloprotease2
Not classified10
Non-receptor serine/threonine protein kinase 3
Nuclear hormone receptor2
Nucleic acid binding2
Other extracellular matrix 2
Other ligase1
Other receptor1
Other signaling molecule3
Other transfer/carrier protein 1
Oxidoreductase activity1
Oxygenase 3
Peptidase activity4
Peptidase inhibitor activity1
Phosphatase activity1
Protein binding10
Receptor activity3
Receptor binding12
Reductase 1
Serine protease 2
Structural constituent of cytoskeleton1
Transmembrane transporter activity2
Transcription factor2
Transcription factor activity9
Transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity3
Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity3
Tumor necrosis factor family member1
Voltage-gated potassium channel activity1