Review Article

Interaction of Herbal Compounds with Biological Targets: A Case Study with Berberine

Table 5

Distribution of berberine’s targets in vitro according to pathway categories.

PANTHER pathway categoriesNumber of targets

Acetyltransferase1
Alzheimer disease-amyloid secretase pathway11
Alzheimer disease-presenilin pathway14
Angiogenesis11
Apoptosis signaling pathway21
ATP synthesis1
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter2
Axon guidance mediated by netrin1
Axon guidance mediated by semaphorins1
Axon guidance mediated by Slit/Robo4
B-cell activation7
Basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor1
Blood coagulation3
Cadherin signaling pathway2
Cell cycle4
Cytoskeletal regulation by Rho GTPase3
DNA replication2
EGF receptor signaling pathway4
Endothelin signaling pathway2
FAS signaling pathway13
FGF signaling pathway4
Heterotrimeric G-protein signaling pathway—Gq alpha- and Go alpha-mediated pathway1
Huntington disease9
Hypoxia response via HIF activation1
Inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathways13
Insulin/IGF pathway-mitogen activated protein kinase kinase/MAP kinase cascade1
Integrin signalling pathway6
Interferon-gamma signaling pathway2
Interleukin signaling pathway10
Ligand-gated ion channel1
Membrane-bound signaling molecule1
Pathway unclassified19
Oxidative stress response5
p53 pathway12
p53 pathway by glucose deprivation1
p53 pathway feedback loops1
P53 pathway feedback loops 11
p53 pathway feedback loops 24
Parkinson disease3
PDGF signaling pathway6
Peptide hormone1
PI3 kinase pathway4
Plasminogen activating cascade8
Protein kinase1
Ras Pathway5
T-cell activation7
TGF-β signaling pathway4
Toll receptor signaling pathway9
VEGF signaling pathway7
Vitamin D metabolism and pathway1
Wnt signaling pathway4