Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Suppress Lactobacillus casei Cell-Wall-Induced NF-𝜿B and MAPK Activations and Cell Proliferation through Protein Kinase A—or Exchange Protein Activated by cAMP-Dependent Signal Pathway

Figure 5

Change in the levels of phospho-NF-κB (a, b), phospho-ERK (a, c), and phospho-VASP (a, d) in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells after treatment with LCWE (10 μg/mL), a combination of IBMX (1 μM) and LCWE (10 μg/mL), or a combination of IBMX (1 μM), LCWE (10 μg/mL), and H89 (5 μM). Change in the levels of phospho-NF-κB (e, f), phospho-ERK (e, g), and phospho-VASP (e, h) in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells after treatment with LCWE (10 μg/mL), a combination of 8-Br-cAMP (1 mM) and LCWE (10 μg/mL), or a combination of 8-CPT-cAMP (5 μM) and LCWE (10 μg/mL). Each column represents the mean ± SEM. *𝑃<0.05  versus untreated controls. ^#𝑃<0.05  versus LCWE treatment group. ^##𝑃<0.01  versus LCWE and IBMX treatment group.