Biofilm Formation and Adherence Characteristics of Listeria ivanovii Strains Isolated from Ready-to-Eat Foods in Alice, South Africa

Table 1

Biofilm formation by Listeria ivanovii isolates (𝑛=50) following incubation at 25°C.

Biofilm formation	Number (%)	OD Range	Mean OD ± SD
Nonadherent	6 (12)	0.332–0.503	0.431 ± 0.055
Weak adherent	22 (44)	0.545–1.083	0.785 ± 0.175
Moderate adherent	17 (34)	1.105–2.084	1.432 ± 0.354
Strong adherent	5 (10)	2.32–3.846	3.045 ± 0.887
Total biofilm	44 (88)	0.545–3.846	1.754 ± 0.763

OD: optical density; SD: standard deviation. The results are the mean of three independent experiments carried out in triplicates.