Review Article
Current Status on Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Microbial Degradation of Nicotine
Table 1
The optimal conditions, nicotine degradation efficiency, and degradation pathways of nicotine-degrading bacteria.
| Microorganism | Medium | Optimal conditions (pH and Temperature) | Nicotine degradation efficiency (g/L) | Pathway | Reference |
| Fungi | | | | | | Pellicularia filamentosa JTS-208 | Synthetic | ND | 0.04/20 d | Demethylation | [21] | Cunninghamella echinulata IFO-4444 | Synthetic | ND | 0.54/13 d | Demethylation | [21] | Aspergillus oryzae 112822 | Synthetic | 6.5, 28°C | 2.12/40 h | A variant of pyridine and pyrrolidine | [22] | Gram-positive bacteria | | | | | | Arthrobacter nicotinophagum N. sp. | Synthetic | 6.8 to 7.0, 20 to 25°C | 1.62/56 h | Pyridine | [23] | Arthrobacter sp. HF-2 | Synthetic | 7.0, 30°C | 0.70/43 h | ND | [24] | Gram-negative bacteria | | | | | | Pseudomonas sp. 41 | Synthetic | 6.4, 30°C | 1.30/24 h | Pyrrolidine | [25] | Pseudomonas sp. HF-1 | Synthetic | 6.5 to 7.5, 30°C | 1.30/25 h | Pyrrolidine | [26] | Ochrobactrum intermedium DN2 | Synthetic | 30°C | 0.50/36 h | ND | [27] | P. putida S16 | Synthetic | 7.0, 30°C | 3.00/10 h | Pyrrolidine | [28] | Pseudomonas sp. Nic 22 | Synthetic | 6.5, 30 to 34°C | 2.89/52 h | ND | [29] | P. putida J5 | Synthetic | 30°C | 3.97/48 h | ND | [30] | Rhodococcus sp. Y22 | Synthetic | 7.0, 28°C | 1.00/52 h | ND | [31] | Agrobacterium tumefaciens S33 | Synthetic | 7.0, 30°C | 5.00/18 h | A variant of pyridine and pyrrolidine | [32] | Gram-negative bacteria | | | | | | Ensifer sp. N7 | Synthetic | 7.0, 28°C | 3.35/48 h | ND | [33] | Pseudomonas sp. ZUTSKD | Synthetic | 7.5, 30°C | 1.55/12 h | ND | [34] | Pseudomonas sp. HZN6 | Synthetic | 7.0, 30°C | 0.50/12 h | Pyrrolidine | [35] | Shinella sp. HZN1 | Synthetic | 7.0, 30°C | 0.50/9 h | ND | [36] | Acinetobacter sp. TW | Synthetic | 7.0, 30°C | 1.00/12 h | ND | [37] | Sphingomonas sp. TY | Synthetic | 7.0, 30°C | 1.00/18 h | ND | [37] | Pseudoxanthomonas sp. 5–52 | Synthetic | 7.0, 28°C | 1.00/28 h | ND | [38] | P. stutzeri | Synthetic | 7.5, 37°C | 2.50/36 h | ND | [39] | Sinorhizobium sp. 5–28 | Synthetic | 7.0, 28°C | 1.50/28 h | ND | [38] | Ochrobactrum sp. 4–40 | Synthetic | 7.0, 28°C | 0.50/28 h | ND | [38] | P. plecoglossicida TND35 | Synthetic | 7.0, 30°C | 3.0/12 h | A variant of pyrrolidine | [2] |
|
|
ND: not detected.
|