Review Article
TNM-Like Classification: A New Proposed Method for Heart Failure Staging
Table 2
(a) Schematic description of different pulmonary implications occurring in patients with HF. (b) Severity stages of lung involvement.
| (a) |
| | Parameters of pulmonary damage | |
| | Precapillary pulmonary hypertension (mPAP > 25 mmHg PAWP < 15 mmHg) | | | Postcapillary pulmonary hypertension (mPAP > 25 mmHg PAWP > 15 mmHg) | | | Pleural effusion | | | Pulmonary edema | |
|
|
| (b) |
| | | Staging |
| | Hemodynamic congestion | | Clinical congestion | | Cardiac lung |
|
|
