Assessment of Pulse Oximeter Perfusion Index in Pediatric Caudal Block under Basal Ketamine Anesthesia

Table 2

Bedside indices for the onset of caudal block under ketamine basal anesthesia: changes over time following caudal lidocaine administration.

Time after caudal block (min)	PI toe	𝑃 value	dPI toe	MAP (mmHg)	𝑃 value	dMAP (mmHg)	HR (bpm)	𝑃 value	dHR (bpm)
0	0.70±0.29	—	—	90.00 (14.19)	—	—	103.75±18.05	—	—
5	2.70±1.14	𝑃<0.001	2.01±1.19	88.80±13.80	𝑃=0.069	−1.20±2.78	104.10±18.87	𝑃=0.714	0.35±4.21
10	3.56±1.47	𝑃<0.001	2.87±1.51	88.25±13.37	𝑃=0.099	−1.75±4.52	104.10±20.02	𝑃=0.854	0.35±8.39
15	4.67±1.71	𝑃<0.001	3.97±1.76	87.75±13.56	𝑃=0.065	−2.25±5.14	105.05±21.70	𝑃=0.561	1.30±9.81
20	5.08±1.82	𝑃<0.001	4.38±1.86	87.60±13.31	𝑃=0.075	−2.40±5.70	105.00±21.39	𝑃=0.553	1.25±9.27

PI: perfusion index; MAP: mean arterial pressure; HR: heart rate. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. 𝑃 versus baseline (T0).