Spatiotemporal Variation and Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Water of the Lower Catchment Basin of Acheloos River, Western Greece

Table 4

Seasonal distribution of mean concentration and standard error (ng L⁻¹) of nineteen selected pesticides and metabolites for the total sampling period of three years (2005–2007).

(a)  

		Fungicides (ng L^−1)				Herbicides (ng L^−1)
		Triadimefon	Pyrazophos	Penconazole	Cyproconazole	Atrazine	Trifluralin	S-Metolachlor	DEA	Alachlor
2005–2007	Spring	18.3±2.57^c	3.00±0.40	43.3±8.86^b	114±26.5^b	34.9±8.07^b	33.6±7.74^b	4.70±0.86^c	77.2±10.1^b	19.8±3.21^b
	Summer	14.9±3.81^b,c	1.51±0.23	22.8±6.38^a,b	62.9±15.5^a,b	17.9±3.34^a,b	9.14±2.69^a	2.65±0.41^b	49.7±9.84^b	24.3±5.18^b
	Autumn	6.58±1.70^a,b	2.96±0.84	7.99±1.26^a	7.16±1.80^a	12.2±4.84^a	5.37±1.69^a	1.13±0.17^a,b	52.6±9.98^b	15.1±2.81^b
	Winter	1.74±0.51^a	1.04±0.04	2.97±0.92^a	3.53±0.53^a	5.43±2.05^a	7.00±6.30^a	0.50±0.00^a	5.68±2.03^a	4.32±1.54^a

(b)

		Insecticides (ng L^−1)
		Dichlorvos	Parathion methyl	Chlorpyrifos	Malaoxon	Dimethoate	Diazinon	Fenthion	Pirimiphos methyl	Chlorpyrifos methyl	Methidathion
2005–2007	Spring	20.9±2.70^b	11.9±2.43^c	20.9±3.88^c	10.5±2.37^b	4.24±0.95^a,b	24.9±1.9^b	12.5±2.62^b,c	27.2±3.60^c	7.53±1.00	2.91±0.55
	Summer	5.47±1.21^a	9.11±1.99^b,c	16.4±4.11^b,c	6.68±1.45^a,b	7.31±2.13^b	22.6±2.27^b	18.7±3.27^c	14.0±3.83^b	8.71±2.60	5.31±0.94
	Autumn	3.42±0.68^a	4.24±0.9^a,b	7.91±2.50^a,b	2.47±0.43^a	1.60±0.14^a	19.9±1.94^b	6.81±1.63^a,b	5.26±1.47^a,b	8.53±2.47	4.90±0.73
	Winter	0.90±0.20^a	1.00±0.00^a	1.35±0.32^a	1.46±0.31^a	4.82±1.32^a,b	3.10±0.65^a	2.09±0.64^a	0.63±0.09^a	0.76±0.12	3.02±0.91

Different letters indicate significant differences at significance level P < 0.05 for the total sampling period of three years (2005–2007).