Explicit Nonlinear Finite Element Geometric Analysis of Parabolic Leaf Springs under Various Loads

Table 2

Summary of vertical, wind-up, and roll stiffness and stress for Baseline, Iteration 1, and 2.

	Vertical stiffness; (N/mm)	Wind-up stiffness; (kN·m/degree)	Roll stiffness; (kN·m/degree)	Maximum vertical stress; (MPa)	Maximum wind-up stress; (MPa)	Maximum roll stress; (MPa)
Baseline	295	1.82	4.46	800	1198	1450
Iteration 1	281	2.04	4.60	750	1083	1400
Iteration 2	338	2.42	4.73	700	1198	1300