The Scientific World Journal

Research Article

Seasonality and Dynamic Spatial Contagion of Air Pollution in 42 Chinese Cities

Table 4

Seasonality significance.
APIMean Variance Mean Variance  Mean Variance
equationequationequationequationequationequation
API API
(A) Central China(C) North China(F) Qinghai-Tibet
Changsha, regional, and nationalBeijing, regional, and nationalXining, regional, and national
Changsha−　　−　　Beijing−−−−−−Xining−−　−−−
Regional−　　−　　Regional−　　　　　Regional−−　−　+
National−　+−　　National−　+−　　National−−　−−−
Hefei, regional, and nationalHuhehaote, regional, and national(G) South China
Hefei　　−　　−Huhehaote−−　−−−Guangzhou, regional, and national
Regional　　−　　−Regional−　+　　　Guangzhou−　+−−+
National+　−　−−National−−+−　　Regional−++−　+
Nanchang, regional, and nationalShijiazhuang, regional, and nationalNational−++−　+
Nanchang−　　−　　Shijiazhuang−−+−　　Shenzhen, regional, and national
Regional−　　−　　Regional−　+　　　Shenzhen− ++　　　
National−　+−　　National−−+−　　Regional−　+−−　
Wuhan, regional, and nationalTaiyuan, regional, and nationalNational−　+−−　
Wuhan−　+　　　Taiyuan−　+−　　Zhuhai, regional, and national
Regional−　　−−　Regional−−　　　　Zhuhai−　+　　　
National−　+−−　National−−+−−　Regional−++−−+
Zhenzhou, regional, and nationalTianjin, regional, and nationalNational−++−−+
Zhenzhou−−+　　　Tianjin−　+　　　Zhanjiang, regional, and national
Regional−　　−−　Regional−−−−−−Zhanjiang　　+　　　
National−　+−−　National−−−−−−Regional−++　　　
(B) East China(D) NortheastNational−++−　+
Hangzhou, regional, and nationalChangchun, regional, and nationalHaikou, regional, and national
Hangzhou−−　−　　Changchun−−+　　　Haikou−++−　　
Regional−−　−　　Regional−−+　　　Regional−+++　+
National−−　−−　National−−+−　　National−+++++
Jinan, regional, and nationalDalian, regional, and national(H) Southeast
Jinan−−　−−　Dalian−−　−−−Fuzhou, regional, and national
Regional−−　−−−Regional−−+−−　Fuzhou−−−　　　
National−−+−−　National−−+−−　Regional−　+−−　
Nanjing, regional, and nationalHaerbin, regional, and nationalNational−　+　　　
Nanjing−−　− 　　Haerbin−　+　　　Shantou, regional, and national
Regional−−　−−　Regional−−+　　　Shantou−++−−　
National−−　−−　National−−+　　　Regional−−　−−　
Nantong, regional, and nationalShenyang, regional, and nationalNational−　+　　+
Nantong−　　−−　Shenyang−−+−　　Xiamen, regional, and national
Regional−−　−　　Regional−−+　　　Xiamen−−　−−　
National−−　−　　National−−+　　　Regional−　+−−　
Qingdao, regional, and national(E) NorthwestNational−　+−−+
Qingdao−−+−−−Lanzhou, regional, and national(I) Southwest
Regional−−　−−　Lanzhou−−+−−　Chengdu, regional, and national
National−−+−−−Regional−−+　　　Chengdu−−　　　　
Shanghai, regional, and nationalNational−　+　　　Regional−−+−−　
Shanghai　　　−−−Xian, regional, and nationalNational−−+−　
Regional−−　−−　Xian　　+　　　Chongqing, regional, and national
National−−　−　　Regional−−+−−　Chongqing−−+−−　
Suzhou, regional, and nationalNational−−+　　　Regional−−+　　　
Suzhou−−　−　　Yinchuan, regional, and nationalNational−　+−−　
Regional−−　　　　Yinchuan−−+　　　Guiyang, regional, and national
National−　　−−　Regional−−　−−　Guiyang−　+　　　
Wenzhou, regional, and nationalNational−−+−−　Regional−−+−−　
Wenzhou−−−−−　Wulumuqi, regional, and nationalNational−　+−−　
Regional−−　−　　Wulumuqi−　+　　　Kunming, regional, and national
National−−　　　　Regional−−+−−　Kunming−−+　　　
Yantai, regional, and nationalNational−−+　　　Regional−　+　　　
Yantai−−　−−−Panel F: Qinghai-TibetNational−　+　　　
Regional−−+−−−Lasa, regional, and nationalNanning, regional, and national
National−− +−−　Lasa−−　−　+Nanning−++−　+
       Regional−−+−−−Regional−−+−　　
       National−−+　　　National−　+　　+
Notes: , , and , , denote summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. −, + denote the negative and positive signs of the coefficients of seasonality dummies which were significant at 5% level. The empty entries mean that the corresponding coefficients are not significant at 5% level.