The Prevalence and Awareness of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Southern Chinese Population with Coronary Artery Disease

Table 2

Patients demographic stratified by disease status.

Variable	Male			Female			Total		𝑃 value
	ACS; (𝑛=986)	Others; (𝑛=567)	𝑃 value	ACS; (𝑛=378)	Others; (𝑛=381)	𝑃 value	ACS; (𝑛=1364)	Others; (𝑛=948)
Age (years)	61.2 ± 0.4	63.3 ± 0.5	0.001	67.1 ± 0.5	67.1 ± 0.5	0.941	63.1 ± 0.3	64.5 ± 0.4	0.004
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	23.8 ± 0.1	24.2 ± 0.1	0.026	23.8 ± 0.2	24.1 ± 0.2	0.232	23.8 ± 0.1	24.1 ± 0.1	0.014
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	130 ± 1	132 ± 1	0.021	134 ± 1	136 ± 1	0.325	131 ± 1	133 ± 1	0.017
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	76 ± 1	77 ± 1	0.051	76 ± 1	76 ± 1	0.558	76 ± 1	77 ± 1	0.052
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.52 ± 0.04	4.45 ± 0.05	0.306	4.94 ± 0.06	4.87 ± 0.06	0.428	4.66 ± 0.03	4.59 ± 0.04	0.168
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.89 ± 0.04	2.77 ± 0.06	0.097	3.06 ± 0.05	2.99 ± 0.05	0.337	2.95 ± 0.03	2.84 ± 0.04	0.050
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.99 ± 0.01	1.06 ± 0.01	<0.001	1.15 ± 0.02	1.18 ± 0.02	0.223	1.04 ± 0.01	1.10 ± 0.01	<0.001
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.82 ± 0.04	1.74 ± 0.06	0.310	1.83 ± 0.06	1.86 ± 0.06	0.728	1.83 ± 0.04	1.78 ± 0.05	0.432
Lysophosphatidic acid (g/L)	0.39; (0.23, 0.88)	0.34; (0.21, 0.65)	0.005	0.39; (0.22, 0.86)	0.33; (0.20, 0.58)	0.023	0.39; (0.23, 0.87)	0.34; (0.21, 0.61)	<0.001
Apolipoprotein A (g/L)	1.02 ± 0.01	1.11 ± 0.01	<0.001	1.17 ± 0.01	1.24 ± 0.02	<0.001	1.07 ± 0.01	1.15 ± 0.01	<0.001
Apolipoprotein B (g/L)	0.78 ± 0.01	0.73 ± 0.01	<0.001	0.85 ± 0.02	0.79 ± 0.02	0.018	0.81 ± 0.01	0.75 ± 0.01	<0.001
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	6.45 ± 0.08	5.97 ± 0.11	<0.001	7.07 ± 0.16	6.09 ± 0.16	<0.001	6.64 ± 0.07	5.98 ± 0.09	<0.001
Uric acid (umol/L)	385±4	404 ± 5	0.002	342 ± 6	358 ± 6	0.041	371 ± 3	388 ± 4	<0.001
Duration of coronary artery disease (years)
First diagnosed patients (𝑛=1223)	—	—		—	—		—	—
History diagnosed patients (𝑛=1089)	2.00; (0.77, 6.31)	2.42; (1.00, 6.99)	0.031	3.21; (0.94, 9.78)	5.07; (2.00, 10.5)	0.002	2.43; (0.79, 7.15)	3.67; (1.17, 8.96)	<0.001
Marriage (%)	94.5	92.7	0.329	79.5	83.7	0.316	90.5	89.1	0.454
Years of education (%)			0.595			0.207			0.271
≤9	57.9	56.4		72.3	66.8		62.1	60.5
10–12	20.7	23.1		16.5	17.0		19.5	20.7
≥13	21.4	20.5		11.2	16.2		18.4	18.8
Physical activities (%)			0.030			0.445			0.066
None	41.7	31.9		29.8	33.2		38.3	32.4
≤30 min	18.2	23.4		22.6	22.6		19.5	23.1
>30 min	40.1	44.7		47.6	44.2		42.2	44.5
Smoking (%)			<0.001			<0.001			<0.001
Never	37.5	48.3		94.7	96.1		53.4	67.6
Past	8.9	14.7		1.6	2.5		6.9	9.8
Current	53.6	37.0		3.7	1.4		39.7	22.7
Alcohol drinking (%)			0.094			0.021			0.006
Never	68.7	65.7		98.6	97.7		77.4	78.6
Past	9.5	11.4		0.0	0.8		6.8	7.1
Current	21.8	22.8		1.4	1.5		15.8	14.3
Coronary artery stenosis degree of CAG			<0.001			<0.001			<0.001
Not conduct	19.6	43.4		39.9	58.5		25.2	49.5
<50%	6.5	18.4		7.7	22.5		6.9	20.1
50–74.9%	7.3	9.3		8.5	7.2		7.6	8.4
≥75%	66.6	28.9		43.9	11.8		60.3	22.0
Triple vessel disease (%) (𝑛=1181 with coronary angiography)	58.6	39.0	<0.001	54.8	25.4	<0.001	57.8	34.8	<0.001
Treatment of coronary disease (%)
Percutaneous coronary intervention	71.9	37.9	<0.001	53.6	15.2	<0.001	66.5	28.1	<0.001
Coronary artery bypass graft	2.6	3.3	0.470	1.5	0.9	0.464	2.3	2.3	0.972
Hypertension	49.3	59.1	0.001	64.0	63.8	0.956	53.6	61.1	0.001
Diabetes mellitus	26.8	23.7	0.181	38.5	28.5	0.003	30.1	25.6	0.021
Dyslipidemia	23.9	23.7	0.918	26.0	29.3	0.305	24.5	26.0	0.423
Current prevalence of diseases (%)
Hypertension; (≥140/90 mmHg for SBP/DBP or drug use)	92.8	88.9	0.015	92.9	89.0	0.075	92.9	89.0	0.002
Diabetes mellitus; (≥7.0 mmol/L for FPG or drug use)	42.1	35.1	0.014	49.3	37.1	0.001	44.2	36.0	<0.001
Dyslipidemia*	95.8	89.9	<0.001	91.2	86.6	0.057	94.4	88.5	<0.001
Awareness rate of disease (%)
Hypertension	56.9	67.5	<0.001	70.7	72.8	0.542	60.9	69.7	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus	60.8	68.9	0.060	71.6	71.6	0.993	64.2	70.1	0.071
Dyslipidemia	25.2	29.3	0.102	29.6	35.9	0.090	26.4	31.9	0.007
The metabolic syndrome and its individual components (%)
Metabolic syndrome (BMI ≥25 kg/m^2)	56.5	50.0	0.016	65.8	64.2	0.640	59.1	55.9	0.129
Metabolic syndrome; (BMI ≥25 kg/m^2, 𝑛=1303 with waist  circumference)	56.3	51.9	0.227	66.8	67.6	0.880	58.9	58.0	0.776
Metabolic syndrome; (waist circumference, 𝑛=1303)	62.7	58.2	0.211	81.3	79.1	0.602	67.2	66.4	0.770
Obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m^2)	33.2	36.8	0.154	32.9	34.1	0.719	33.1	35.7	0.196
Obesity; (waist circumference >85/80 cm for male/female)	52.2	56.7	0.191	82.1	84.2	0.585	59.4	67.1	0.005
Triglycerides (≥1.70 mmol/L)	39.8	31.3	0.001	43.3	41.7	0.645	40.8	35.5	0.012
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; (<1.0/1.3 mmol/L for male/female)	53.8	43.4	<0.001	69.0	69.2	0.955	58.0	54.0	0.060
High blood pressure; (≥130/85 mmHg for SBP/DBP)	94.5	92.3	0.118	94.0	93.2	0.645	94.4	92.7	0.128
Fasting plasma glucose (≥5.6 mmol/L)	59.2	51.7	0.005	66.8	54.6	0.001	61.3	52.9	<0.001

Only 1303 but not all study samples measured waist circumference. CAG: coronary angiography.
*Dyslipidemia was defined as any one of triglyceride ≥2.26 mmol/L, total cholesterol ≥6.22 mmol/L, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥4.14 mmol/L, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <1.04 mmol/L and/or using cholesterol-lowering medicines during the last 2 weeks.