Research Article
A Ternary Catalytic System for the Room Temperature Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction in Water
Table 3
Screening of the best condition for the Suzuki reaction between 4-bromoacetophenone and phenylboronic acid.
| Entry | Solvent | Catalyst | Pd : CD | Cyclodextrin | Time (h) | Conversiona (%) |
| 1 | H2O | Na2PdCl4 1% | — | — | 24 | 26 | 2 | H2O : isopropyl alcohol (60% : 40%) | Na2PdCl4 1% | — | — | 24 | >99 | 3 | H2O : isopropyl alcohol (80% : 20%) | Na2PdCl4 1% | — | — | 24 | >99 | 4 | H2O : isopropyl alcohol (90% : 10%) | Na2PdCl4 1% | — | — | 24 | 70 | 5 | H2O : isopropyl alcohol (90% : 10%) | Na2PdCl4 1% | 1 : 1 | β-CD | 24 | 68 | 6 | H2O : isopropyl alcohol (90% : 10%) | Na2PdCl4 1% | 1 : 10 | β-CD | 24 | 86 | 7 | H2O : isopropyl alcohol (90% : 10%) | Na2PdCl4 1% | 10 : 1 | β-CD | 24 | 59 | 8 | H2O : isopropyl alcohol (90% : 10%) | Na2PdCl4 1% | 1 : 10 | HP-β-CD | 24 | >99 | 9 | H2O : isopropyl alcohol (90% : 10%) | Na2PdCl4 1% | 1 : 10 | β-CD, sulfated sodium salt | 24 | 86 | 10 | H2O | Na2PdCl4 1% | 1 : 10 | HP-β-CD | 24 | >99 | 11 | H2O | Na2PdCl4 0.5% | 1 : 10 | HP-β-CD | 24 | 66 | 12 | H2O | Na2PdCl4 0.5% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 24 | >99 | 13 | H2O | Na2PdCl4 0.5% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 2 | 57 | 14 | H2O | Na2PdCl4 0.5% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 4 | 58 | 15 | H2O | Na2PdCl4 0.5% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 6 | 89 | 16 | H2O | Na2PdCl4 0.5% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 7 | 93 | 17 | H2O | Na2PdCl4 0.5% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 8 | >99 | 18 | H2O | Pd/LDH 0.5% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 8 | >99 | 19 | H2O | Pd/LDH 0.5% | — | — | 8 | 93 | 20 | H2O | HDL | — | HP-β-CD | 8 | — | 21 | H2O | Pd/LDH 0.1% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 8 | >99 | 22 | H2O | Pd/LDH 0.01% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 8 | 30 | 23 | H2O | Pd/LDH 0.1% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 3 | 60 | 24b | H2O | Na2PdCl4 0.1% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 8 | 45 | 25b | H2O | Pd/LDH 0.1% | 1 : 20 | HP-β-CD | 8 | >99 | 26b | H2O | Pd/LDH 0.1% | — | — | 8 | 91 |
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aConversion of aryl halide into products measured by GC-MS.
bReaction between iodobenzene and phenylboronic acid.
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