Management of Gastric Varices Unsuccessfully Treated by Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration: Long-Term Follow-Up and Outcomes

Table 1

Patient characteristics.

	Patients (𝑛=13)
Age (years)	62 (36–79)
Sex (male/female)	9/4
Etiology of cirrhosis
HBV/HCV/both	1/9/0
Alcohol	3
Presence of hepatocellular carcinoma	1
Child-Pugh classification
A/B/C	3/7/3
Location of gastric varices*
Isolated gastric varices	5
Gastroesophageal varices	8
Form of gastric varices^#
F1/F2/F3	2/1/10
Presence of red spots	5
Encephalopathy	5
Gastrorenal shunt	7
History of variceal bleeding	4
Follow-up period (mean)	90 months (5–167)

HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCV: hepatitis C virus.
*Locations of gastric varices were based on the criteria proposed by Sarin et al. [9].
^#Forms of gastric varices were graded by the classification described by Hashizume et al. [10].
F1: tortuous, winding varices; F2: nodular varices; F3: large tumorous varices.